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This book reflects the state of the art in nonlinear economic dynamics, providing a broad overview of dynamic economic models at different levels. The wide variety of approaches ranges from theoretical and simulation analysis to methodological study. In particular, it examines the local and global asymptotical behavior of both macro- and micro- level mathematical models, theoretically as well as using simulation. It also focuses on systems with one or more time delays for which new methodology has to be developed to investigate their asymptotic properties. The book offers a comprehensive summary of the existing methodology with extensions to the more complex model variants, since considerations on bounded rationality of complex economic behavior provide the foundation underlying choice-theoretic and policy-oriented studies of macro behavior, which impact the real macro economy. It includes 13 chapters addressing traditional models such as monopoly, duopoly and oligopoly in microeconomics and Keynesian, Goodwinian, and Kaldor–Kaleckian models in macroeconomics. Each chapter presents new aspects of these traditional models that have never been seen before. This work renews the past wisdom and reveals tomorrow's knowledge.
This thesis uses the techniques of macroeconomic theory to answer three questions. It is divided in three chapters each focusing on one of these questions. The first chapter investigates the appropriate labor market policy response to two fundamental changes in the economy. I introduce unemployment benefits financed by a proportional payroll tax within a model of directed search on the job. I show that there exists a unique positive level of unemployment benefit which maximizes welfare of individuals. The optimal unemployment benefit level is hump-shaped as a function of the level of idiosyncratic risk. At empirically relevant levels of idiosyncratic risk, a much less generous system than in the economy without uncertainty emerges. Furthermore, the welfare costs of deviating from the optimal level are substantial, and accompanied by high unemployment rates. I also find that while the optimal generosity of the unemployment insurance system declines monotonically with the amount of aggregate risk in the economy, the welfare costs of deviating from the optimal system are rather small. Chapter two develops a small open economy model with both staggered nominal prices and wages. Then, performances of some alternative simple policy rules are compared by using the welfare loss criterion. It is shown that, firstly, the performance of domestic inflation-targeting or wage inflation-targeting is better than both CPI inflation-targeting and pegged exchange rate. Second, although the performance of simple rules depends on the degree of stickiness in prices and wages, wage inflationtargeting performs better than domestic inflation-targeting for a wide combination of wage and price stickiness. In chapter three, I develop a model with uninsurable capital-income risk and incomplete markets, and investigate the cyclical properties of the equity premium. Although the model abstracts from some common features of the business cycle model, it can generate a sizable and countercyclical equity premium. Moreover, the model generates relatively more volatile consumption, investment, and equity premium than under complete markets.
This collection of essays is concerned with the behavioral and structural problems of growing advanced economies. Can these economies achieve and maintain stable growth without inflation, unemployment and balance of payments difficulties?