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La declinación fisiológica y fisiopatológica del proceso de envejecimiento disminuyen las capacidades motoras (CM), con énfasis después de los sesenta años y en presencia de enfermedades crónicas generado pérdida de autonomía funcional en los adultos mayores (AM), para evaluar éstos efectos están los instrumentos de evaluación. Sin embargo, los que actualmente utilizamos en Gerontología o Geriatría proceden desde los EEUU ó Países anglosajones, no definen hacia quienes está dirigido, porque no poseen mecanismo de selección inicial, evalúan las funciones por separado, las preguntas son abiertas y el resultado recae en el criterio del evaluador, poseen pocas alternativas de respuestas, no hay similitud para los niveles funcionales (NF), originalmente no fueron creados para Gerontología y han sido adaptadas a través del tiempo, muchos tienen más de treinta años de existencia, y varios no poseen fiabilidad y validación en el medio Iberoamericano. El objetivo del presente estudio fue crear un instrumento que: incorporare la idiosincrasia cultural de los países de habla hispana, evalúe las CM en forma integral (movilidad corporal, equilibrio estático, marcha - equilibrio dinámico y actividades básicas de la vida diaria - ABVD), ítems estén asociados entre ellos (unidimensional), las variables se combinen en una única medida compuesta (escala aditiva), discrimine hacia quienes está dirigida (screening), esté construida por medio de algoritmos funcionales, clasifique la presencia de funciones con valores altos y la ausencia con bajos, cada ítem posea nueve pruebas y cada una diez NF para mayor sensibilidad a los cambios, posea el carácter de continua para aplicarse en su totalidad o sólo los ítems de interés para el profesional, posea un ítem para evaluar la satisfacción personal y otro para la autopercepción de las capacidades funcionales (CF) por parte del AM y que posea el respaldo científico de fiabilidad y validez. Luego de dos estudios pilotos, se realizó un estudio analítico transversal comparativo, para lo cual a través del sistema de screening de la escala, seleccionamos 80 AM (40 h y 40 m) y de ellos 20 h y 20 m estaban clasificados como independientes (I) y 20 h y 20 m como dependientes (D), con edad media de 76,63 años, después fueron evaluados con el instrumento dos veces por el método inter - evaluador (un primer evaluador experto y siete segundos evaluadores no expertos ni adiestrados), el análisis estadístico se hizo para la 1a evaluación y luego entre la 1a y 2a evaluación. Los resultados más relevantes se obtuvieron para las 36 pruebas que evalúan las CM.
The North American Mosaic has four overarching features. First, it is, to the extent feasible, based on comparable information on the status and trends of major indicators of the state of the environment in Canada,Mexico, and the United States. Second, the report confirms that these three countries together make up an incredibly complex, dynamic, and interconnected ecosystem in which humans play a dominant and decisive role. Third, the report raises important and sometimes disquieting questions concerning the sustainability of some current trends. Finally, the report is a reminder that our economic, social, and physical well-being are utterly dependent on the life-sustaining services provided by nature. This report emphasizes the importance of developing mutually compatible economic, social, and environmental goals and policies across the three-country region.
Now in a completely rewritten version, this definitive work covers all aspects of delirium, a frequent complication of physical illness, especially in the elderly. Unique in its range of coverage, the book traces the history of delirium from the 5th century B.C. to the present, and offers detailed discussions of its clinical features, diagnosis, pathophysiology, etiology, and treatment. This new edition fully reflects the substantial progress in understanding the disorder made over the last decade. Delirium will be very useful to geriatricians, neurologists, psychiatrists, and other clinicians as it offers detailed practical guidance on diagnosis and management of the disorder. The only English-language monograph on this subject, it contains over 2,300 references.
Organizational Behavior is designed to help students, professionals, and managers develop the competencies and skills that are needed to effectively contribute to an organization. This proven text's strengths lie in its classic research, coverage of contemporary and emerging OB topics, and excellent case selection. Throughout the text, seven core competencies-Managing Self, Managing Diversity, Managing Ethics, Managing Across Cultures, Managing Teams, Managing Communications, and Managing Change-are emphasized and illustrated for the student.
ICF Research Branch in cooperation with the WHO Collaborating Centre for the Family of International Classifications in Germany (at DIMDI) Practical, standardized tools to assess and document functioning, disability, and health according to the WHO ICF in a variety of health conditions and settings The WHO's International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF) is the accepted common framework for understanding and documenting functioning and disability. The ICF Core Sets selected for this book have now been developed to facilitate the standardized use of the ICF in real-life clinical practice and thus improve quality of care. By using this collection of clear checklists, definitions, and forms, clinicians will quickly and easily be able to assess clients with a range of typical health conditions at different stages and in a variety of health care contexts. This manual: * Introduces the concepts of functioning and disability * Describes how and why the ICF Core Sets have been developed * Shows, step-by-step, how to apply the ICF Core Sets in clinical practice * Includes all 31 ICF Core Sets plus documentation forms (more than 1,400 pages of printable PDFs) on a CD-ROM. This manual is inherently multi-professional and will be of benefit not only for practitioners working in various health care contexts but also for students and teachers.
The Routledge Spanish Bilingual Dictionary of Psychology and Psychiatry contains over 100,000 entries making this the most comprehensive and up-to-date dictionary of its kind. The Dictionary provides concise, comprehensive and current coverage of every word or phrase used in the study and practice of psychiatry and psychology. This valuable reference tool covers all disciplines and sub-disciplines, both research-based and clinical. This is a vital resource to those in the healthcare professions, to academicians and to those who work in translation and/or interpretation, healthcare and the law who are in contact with the English and Spanish speaking communities.
The frontal lobes, which constitute about one-third of the entire cerebral cortex, have long fascinated scientific explorers of human behaviour. There are multiple reasons for this: the frontal lobes are the most recently evolved parts of the brain of Homo sapiens and can be viewed as the executive centre of the entire nervous system, subserving the key function of goal-oriented behaviour and reconciling internal emotional states with the demands of the external environment. This book presents some of the latest research on the structure and functional role of the frontal lobes, as revealed by both physiological and pathological studies. This timely and comprehensive volume exemplifies that only a truly multidisciplinary and collaborative effort from the allied disciplines of neuroanatomy, neurophysiology, neuropathology, neuroimaging, neuropsychology and neuropsychiatry will result in a better understanding of the wide-reaching implications of frontal lobe dysfunction.
This book documents and disseminates experiences from a wide range of universities, across the five continents, which showcase how the principles of sustainable development may be incorporated as part of university programmes, and present transformatory projects and programmes, showing how sustainability can be implemented across disciplines. Sustainability in a higher education context is a fast growing field. Thousands of universities across the world have signed declarations or have committed themselves to integrate the principles of sustainable development in their activities: teaching, research and extension, and many more will follow.
"From a leader in the field of psychotherapy this new book is the first dedicated to the topic of the fear of contamination. The book starts by defining the disorder, before considering the various manifestations of this fear, examining both mental contamination and contact contamination, and feelings of disgust. Most significantly it develops a theory for how this problem can be treated, providing clinical guidelines - based around cognitive behavioural techniques."--BOOK JACKET.