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Challenges the scientific community to consider in its research the linkage of urban forestry to major problems of modern cities.
In a growing number of cities around the world, urban forestry is receiving investment for its social and ecological benefits. As the planet warms, advancing urban forest equity by planting trees in marginalized neighborhoods is acknowledged as a climate health equity strategy to counter heat exposure, which disproportionately burdens under-resourced communities. However, significant barriers exist to growing robust urban forests, and tradeoffs of tree planting are often not considered. In drier climates, complex logistics of watering during a multi-year establishment period pose a challenge because street trees are typically unirrigated and funding for maintenance is generally insufficient, creating an expectation that community members will provide stewardship. This dissertation presents three mixed-methods studies. The first is an empirical investigation of the thermal benefits of trees on residential spaces, contributing insights about time-of-day indoor heat exposure by residents who have limited access to air conditioning. Varied theory-guided community methods are then tested to explore the potential of resident engagement in tree stewardship to advance urban forest equity and reduce heat risk. A second study explores behavior change strategies around resident volunteerism in tree stewardship, testing environmental health and public health interventions and correlating outcomes to the degree of engagement with a community organization. A third study presents an alternative approach which equips frontline community members by providing compensation, training, and a support network as they engage neighbor-to-neighbor around tree stewardship and heat mitigation. These studies serve to elucidate the suite of expectations that the co-production of the urban forest creates, parsing out how reasonable and realistic the assumptions made by these programs are or are not, and evaluating their effectiveness. The potential of tree planting to contribute to green gentrification is also discussed. The dissertation concludes by suggesting that trees are a type of marginal, linear greening that has the benefit of being a nimble, distributed amenity, and which brings a reduced likelihood of unintended consequences compared to more grandiose forms of urban greening - provided it is deeply community-driven. Policy and program implications of the research and possible directions for future research are also provided.
Close to 80 percent of the U.S. population lives in urban areas and depends on the essential ecological, economic, and social benefits provided by urban trees and forests. However, the distribution of urban tree cover and the benefits of urban forests vary across the United States, as do the challenges of sustaining this important resource. As urban areas expand across the country, the importance of the benefits that urban forests provide, as well as the challenges to their conservation and maintenance, will increase. The purpose of this report is to provide an overview of the current status and benefits of America's urban forests, compare differences in urban forest canopy cover among regions, and discuss challenges facing urban forests and their implications for urban forest management.
These guidelines - intended for a global audience of decision-makers, civil servants, policy advisors and other stakeholders - promote urban and peri-urban forests as a way of meeting the needs of cities for environmental services. They will also raise community awareness on the positive contributions that urban and peri-urban forests can make to city life and their essential role in global sustainability.
Trees and vegetation in cities aren’t just there to make the place look pretty. They have an important ecological function. This book contains studies and perspectives on urban forests from a broad array of basic and applied scientific disciplines including ecosystem ecology, biogeochemistry, landscape ecology, plant community ecology, geography, and social science. The book includes contributions from experts around the world, allowing the reader to evaluate methods and management that are appropriate for particular geographic, environmental, and socio-political contexts.
This title includes a number of Open Access chapters. This new research compendium focuses on urban forestry research and management, while also considering the sociological and community aspects. The book looks at the benefits of urban forests with respect to urban sustainability and human health; issues related to expanding the urban tree canopy; managing urban forests in a community context; and improving our understanding of urban forests through research and practice.
This advanced textbook moves beyond a basic scientific comprehension of urban ecosystems to understand the essential details of how scientists, policy makers, and practitioners develop solutions to effectively manage urban biodiversity. Such efforts necessitate unravelling the complex components that bolster or constrain biodiversity including human-wildlife interactions, resource availability, climate fluctuations, novel species relationships, and landscape heterogeneity. However, key to an understanding of these processes is also recognizing the tremendous social variation inherent within and across urban areas. The diversity of urban human communities fundamentally shapes how society designs, builds, and manages urban landscapes. This means that urban environmental management unavoidably must account for human social variation. Unfortunately, urban systems have a history and continued legacy of social inequality (e.g., systemic racism and classism) that govern how cities are both built and managed. This novel text not only highlights these connections, but also illustrates the interdisciplinary approaches needed for advancing a new, justice-centred approach to nature conservation. Urban Biodiversity and Equity is suitable for graduate level students and professional researchers from both natural and social science disciplines studying the ecology, conservation, and management of urban environments and their biodiversity. It will also be of relevance and use to a broader audience of urban ecologists, urban planners, and urban wildlife practitioners.
Urban forestry is not a one-size-fits-all solution; each city and region, with its own unique set of challenges and opportunities, requires tailored strategies. In recognition of the diversity and distinctiveness of urban forestry issues and their potential for mitigating environmental and socioeconomic inequality across the globe, FAO has asked experts around the world to share their views on how urban forests and trees are perceived and managed in their respective geographical areas, bringing together a broad range of regional perspectives. The primary goal of this publication is to provide a comprehensive overview of the current state of urban forestry worldwide. By showcasing the regional perspectives, insights, experiences and case studies in urban and peri-urban forestry (UPF), we hope to inspire individuals, communities and policymakers to reimagine their relationships with urban green spaces.