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Equilibrium measurements of pressure, enthalpy, density, temperature and resistivity have been made on liquid lead, platinum, gold-copper, uranium, niobium, and niobium-hafnium at high temperatures and pressures. A unique method of determining sample temperatures from multi-channel fast radiation pyrometry has been developed and used to calculate temperatures between 1600 and 8000 K without definitive emissivity information. Pseudo-potential theory has been used to model the lead resistivity and equation of state measurements and t-matrix theory has been applied to the uranium resistivity data.
The growing interest in controlled nuclear energy has been accompanied by a requirement for increased knowledge of the behavior of materials under high energy density conditions. The efficiency of fission reactors can be improved with coolant fluids capable of maintaining large molecular densities at high temperatures and moderate pressures. The high melting points of most of metals place the liquid state at temperatures too high for easy experimental investigation. A relatively complete mapping of the liquid region to include location of the liquid-vapor coexistence curve through the critical point is available only for Na, K, Rb, Cs, and Hg, and for these not all measurements are in agreement. For most metals the critical region lies at higher pressures and temperatures than are accessible to conventional experimental techniques. To provide needed engineering data and to stimulate theoretical understanding of low density liquid metals, an investigation of the equilibrium properties of metals above 2000 K and 0.1 GPa is the objective of this work.