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Eosinophil Ultrastructure: Atlas of Eosinophil Cell Biology and Pathology entirely focuses on eosinophils and their functional roles in inflammation, host defense, and normal homeostatic activities. The book explores the ultrastructure of human eosinophils, highlighting biological processes observed under normal, experimental, and pathological conditions. Created to fill a void in the eosinophil literature, the book includes an extensive array of electron microscopic images that illustrate the diversity of eosinophil morphology. While the atlas is a learning and teaching tool, it is mainly a helpful resource for researchers to identify distinguishing features and structural changes that arise during studies of human eosinophils. The book also covers the ultrastructure of mouse eosinophils under normal and activation conditions and in the context of representative diseases. - Gives guidelines to understand the human eosinophils in studies focused on structural biology, cellular immunology, innate and adaptive immunity, immune responses to pathogens, immunopathology, and inflammatory responses - Provides a core of essential knowledge to identify both immature and mature eosinophils - Comprises a representative compilation of the eosinophil ultrastructure during biological processes, such as activation and degranulation, mostly under experimental conditions - Highlights eosinophil biological processes found in vivo during human diseases, thus providing a link between basic science and clinical aspects - Helps identify distinguishing features and structural changes that arise during studies of human eosinophils after isolation from body fluids, while in cultures, or biopsies - Explains the ultrastructural organization of mature and immature mouse eosinophils, highlighting the similarities/differences between them and human eosinophils
With the recent approval of the first eosinophil-depleting therapeutic agents targeting the IL-5 pathway for treatment of severe eosinophilic asthma, eosinophils and eosinophilic disorders are in the limelight. Indeed, setbacks during clinical development of these compounds have revealed how much remains to be known about eosinophil biology in vivo, and have nurtured profuse research both on basic eosinophil biology and on pathogenic disease mechanisms, in order to better delineate the most meaningful targets for innovative therapeutic strategies. On one hand, variable degrees of eosinophil depletion observed in some compartments during IL-5-targeted treatment indicate that certain eosinophil subsets may not rely on this cytokine and/or that other important pro-eosinophilic mediators and signaling pathways are operative in vivo. On the other hand, it is increasingly clear that disorders involving eosinophils such as asthma are the final outcome of complex interactions between diverse cell types and mediators, beyond eosinophils and IL-5. These include type 2 helper T (Th2) cells and innate lymphoid cells, mast cells, and a variety of factors that either activate eosinophils or are released by them. Although a considerable amount of research has focused on asthma because it is a common condition and because management of severe asthma remains a major challenge, several rare eosinophilic disorders with more homogenous features have proven to be extremely useful models to reach a better understanding of the involvement of eosinophils in tissue damage and dysfunction, and of the micro-environmental interactions operating within the complex network of eosinophilic inflammation. Unraveling this interplay has resulted in advances in the development of molecular tools to detect disease subsets and to monitor therapeutic responses, and in identification of promising new therapeutic targets. This Research Topic dedicated to eosinophilic conditions covers aspects of the biology of eosinophils and closely related cells of particular relevance for drug development, reports on translational research investigating pathogenic mechanisms of specific eosinophilic disorders in humans that will likely result in significant changes in the way patients are managed, and presents an overview of the current advancement of targeted drug development for these conditions, with a special focus on asthma.
This atlas provides a detailed insight into the complex structure and organization of cells and tissues, and highlights their specific functions as well as the dynamics of diverse intracellular processes. Highly informative electron micrographs are complemented by explanatory texts, selected references and schemes. The concept that subcellular organelles provide the structural foundation for fundamental processes of living organisms is emphasized. The first part covers the cellular organelles and changes caused by experiments or occurring under pathological conditions. The second part employs selected examples to illustrate the principles of functional tissue organization and typical changes resulting from experimental induction or pathological situations. The third edition of the atlas, revised and extended by 23 plates, thus provides an invaluable resource for scientists and students of medicine and biological sciences, particularly of histology, cell and molecular biology. Moreover, it will serve as a handy reference guide for diagnostic and research electron microscopy laboratories in clinical, industrial, and academic settings.
Advances in Immunology
Eosinophils in Health and Disease provides immunology researchers and students with a comprehensive overview of current thought and cutting-edge eosinophil research, providing chapters on basic science, disease-specific issues, therapeutics, models for study and areas of emerging importance.
In this book, the author reviews the ultrastructural studies of basophils and mast cells performed since the publication of an earlier monograph in 1991. These studies include the use of ultrastructural rules that allow identification of basophils and mast cells in new circumstances. Including more than 180 excellent micrographs, this book will be of interest to basic scientists in immunology, cell biology, secretion and angiogenesis research, and histochemistry. As mast cells and basophils play a crucial role in various diseases, it will be essential reading for allergists, immunologists, dermatologists, hematologists, gastroenterologists, rheumatologists, neurologists, pathologists, pulmonologists, and cardiologists.
Blood Cell Biochemistry was initially conceived as part of the Plenum series Subcellular Biochemistry, from which it has developed into a separate series. The present volume is devoted primarily to contributions on megakaryocytes and platelets and, to a lesser extent, to macrophages and eosinophils. The book does not attempt a rigorous or total coverage of the particular topics; it represents the areas of current scientific activity and interest that were selected by the editor at the commencement of this project. In general, the approach has been similar to that adopted for Volume 1 of the series (Erythroid Cells); the same approach will be followed subsequently in Volume 3 (Lymphocytes and Granulocytes). This book opens with a developmentally oriented chapter by Janine Breton-Gorius on megakaryocyte maturation and platelet release in normal conditions, which serves to set the scene ultrastructurally for much of the data that follow. The biosynthesis and process ing of platelet glycoproteins in megakaryocytes is dealt with by Alain Duperray and his colleagues, and thereby provides an in-depth biochemical survey of the megakaryocyte. The applications and strengths of crossed immunoelectrophoresis for the study of platelet membrane proteins is then covered by Simon Karpatkin, and a detailed account of the heredity disorders of platelet function is provided by Francine Rendu and Evelyne Dupuy.
Ultrastructural Pathology
This work presents the proceedings of a conference held at Adare Manor, County Limerick, Ireland. It provides an updated, in-depth review of the biological role of eosinophils in allergic diseases, summarizing basic knowledge of these unique cationic proteins. The book features an annotated discussion of the conference's post-presentation question-and-answer session.