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The U.S. environmental industry is poised to support growth and preserve the environment, a process known as sustainable development. Despite only a small percentage of U.S. environmental businesses participating in the world market, the U.S. industry has the best technology in the world and already generates a trade surplus. With the world market expanding sharply, both the U.S. government and environmental industry must seize the opportunity to expand U.S. trade and proliferate U.S. environmental expertise, while simultaneously advancing U.S. security interests and supporting global sustainable growth. U.S. environmental businesses can simultaneously make a real difference in people's lives around the world, grow their companies, and support U.S. security. This paper shows how the U.S. environmental industry could increase its global competitiveness if U.S. national policies incentivized individuals and companies to move beyond regulatory compliance and if certain real and perceived barriers to conducting trade abroad were removed. Together, these require a new partnership between government and industry that is well worth the investment a clean environment is good for business and good for life.
The United States is among the wealthiest nations in the world, but it is far from the healthiest. Although life expectancy and survival rates in the United States have improved dramatically over the past century, Americans live shorter lives and experience more injuries and illnesses than people in other high-income countries. The U.S. health disadvantage cannot be attributed solely to the adverse health status of racial or ethnic minorities or poor people: even highly advantaged Americans are in worse health than their counterparts in other, "peer" countries. In light of the new and growing evidence about the U.S. health disadvantage, the National Institutes of Health asked the National Research Council (NRC) and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) to convene a panel of experts to study the issue. The Panel on Understanding Cross-National Health Differences Among High-Income Countries examined whether the U.S. health disadvantage exists across the life span, considered potential explanations, and assessed the larger implications of the findings. U.S. Health in International Perspective presents detailed evidence on the issue, explores the possible explanations for the shorter and less healthy lives of Americans than those of people in comparable countries, and recommends actions by both government and nongovernment agencies and organizations to address the U.S. health disadvantage.
John Scott develops, describes, and uses new primary data about US industrial firms' research and development (R&D) investments to create innovative products and processes that provide goods and services without the by-product of pollution. New knowledge about environmental R&D is provided by original surveys of industry from 1993 and 2001. The R&D and other firm data are juxtaposed with US Census industry data and with US Environmental Protection Agency data about industrial toxic releases. This book presents hypothesis tests that provide evidence supporting the use of public policies - described in the book - to stimulate industry to use its creative powers to improve environmental performance. Economists and policy makers in the areas of industrial organization, technological change, the economics of R&D and the environment including policy toward R&D and technology; as well as corporate officers of R&D and environmental affairs will find this volume indispensable.