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"One of the first things international practitioners must consider is where to conduct legal proceedings. But the second thought must be whether a judgment or award, or a deed for that matter, is enforceable in the debtor's jurisdiction or the jurisdiction where there are assets. This first edition of Enforcement of Judgments, Awards and Deeds, provides the answer to such questions for a variety of jurisdictions. The New York Convention of 1958 is widely implemented, and therewith provides the basis for recognition of arbitral awards in many countries; where court judgments are concerned, the position is different. This book assists practitioners to make the right choice." -- (Cover)
The purpose of this directory is to briefly explain and summarise in an easy to follow question and answer format the law and procedures on enforcement of foreign civil and commercial judgments in key jurisdictions around the world. It is not intended to specifically cover family law or arbitration although in some instances references are made to relevant conventions and regulations in these areas. The jurisdictions and the corresponding questions and answers are set out alphabetically.
In many African countries, litigants experience significant uncertainty in their attempts to enforce foreign judgments. Drawing on the experiences of the United Kingdom and the United States (vis-à-vis efforts to attain an effective global legal framework on foreign judgments), this book undertakes a comparative analysis of how South African and Nigerian courts can promote the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments in a fair manner. This comparative analysis is made considering both African countries as paradigms of their respective legal traditions. The author, a legal consultant and academic in private international law analyses, stage by stage, the challenging process that litigants face when they seek to enforce foreign judgments in South Africa and Nigeria. This analysis includes insightful consideration of broader issues such as the following: how challenges faced by judgment creditors may be circumvented; practical issues impeding the free movement of foreign judgments; impact of globalisation, increase in international commercial transactions, and regionalism on private international law; application of ‘fairness’; how territorial sovereignty and State interests in international commerce impede the free movement of foreign judgments; and ‘qualified obligation’, under which courts would presumptively enforce foreign judgments subject to certain exceptions and to the balancing of competing interests between private litigants and the State. The comparative analysis is undergirded by relevant case law – spanning decades in Africa and centuries in Europe and the United States. In summary, the author projects a clear case for predictability and certainty in the recognition and enforcement of foreign judgments, as well as how to go about it, thus offering lawyers a strategic position to weigh their options in contemplating enforcement of foreign judgments in any jurisdiction even beyond the African region. This innovative approach will also be of particular value to policymakers at national levels, international and regional economic organisations, as well as scholars in private international law and international commercial law generally. This is regardless of their specific legal area or niche, especially considering the dearth of literature in African private international law.
This title was first published in 2002: Within Europe and beyond, foreign judgement enforcement is now an essential component for the development of international commerce. This indispensable volume traces and analyzes steps and procedures for the enforcement of foreign judgements in national courts, including summarizing the principles which are the preconditions for that enforcement.
Ensuring finality in litigation (‘preclusion’) is a challenge. Res judicata and abuse of process are technical doctrines – traps for the unwary. The same doctrines can also be effective tools to avoid unnecessary or vexing duplicative proceedings or to determine how a case may affect the same or a related claim or issue in a subsequent case. This practitioner’s guide is a timely and comprehensive treatise on English law on the topic. It addresses the entire spectrum of preclusion issues arising in an English court: -the court functus officio – the finality of a judgment; -res judicata – merger of the cause of action, cause of action estoppel, and issue estoppel; -abuse of process – relitigation, Henderson v. Hendersonand collateral attack abuse; and -preclusion by foreign judgments. In a manner accessible to foreign lawyers, this book further offers a treatise of Dutch law that is of the same breadth and depth. It addresses all preclusion issues that may crop up in a Dutch court. Moreover, the cross-border context is considered – how domestic judgments fare abroad, how preclusion operates in the Brussels and Lugano regime, levels of preclusion set by European due process, and more. A contribution to conflicts theory, this book finally suggests improvements to the process of preclusion between jurisdictions, by clarifying the distinction between ‘recognition of’ foreign judgments and ‘preclusion by’ foreign judgments and by opening up a new field of choice of preclusion law. A first class work which will be of considerable interest to practitioners and scholars.’ –Lord Collins of Mapesbury former Justice of the UK Supreme Court and General Editor of Dicey and Morris on Conflict of Laws Jacob van de Velden practises international arbitration and litigation at De Brauw Blackstone Westbroek, a member of the Best Friends-network of law firms with Slaughter and May (UK), Bredin Prat (France), BonelliErede (Italy), Hengeler Mueller (Germany) and Uría Menéndez (Spain). He was a co-rapporteur for the International Law Association’s Committee on International Civil Litigation and a research fellow and director of the Private International Law programme at the British Institute of International and Comparative Law.
Less than a decade after the Financial Crisis, we are witnessing the fast emergence of a new financial order driven by three different, yet interconnected, dynamics: first, the rapid application of technology - such as big data, machine learning, and distributed computing - to banking, lending, and investing, in particular with the emergence of virtual currencies and digital finance; second, a disintermediation fuelled by the rise of peer-to-peer lending platforms and crowd investment which challenge the traditional banking model and may, over time, lead to a transformation of the way both retail and corporate customers bank; and, third, a tendency of de-bureaucratisation under which new platforms and technologies challenge established organisational patterns that regulate finance and manage the money supply. These changes are to a significant degree driven by the development of blockchain technology. The aim of this book is to understand the technological and business potential of the blockchain technology and to reflect on its legal challenges. The book mainly focuses on the challenges blockchain technology has so far faced in its first application in the areas of virtual money and finance, as well as those that it will inevitably face (and is partially already facing, as the SEC Investigative Report of June 2017 and an ongoing SEC securities fraud investigation show) as its domain of application expands in other fields of economic activity such as smart contracts and initial coin offerings. The book provides an unparalleled critical analysis of the disruptive potential of this technology for the economy and the legal system and contributes to current thinking on the role of law in harvesting and shaping innovation.
The Yearbook offers an important forum for legal practitioners to address and compare practical legal issues of direct interest to their areas of specialisation. Each volume features a comprehensive range of articles written for and by leading practitioners and advisers working within the international business sector. The topics covered in Volume 17, the new volume for 1995, range from the ethical issues for lawyers involved in cross-border transactions to insider trading. Several of the chapters make reference to the growing European Union (EU), with one chapter focusing particularly on the free movement of goods throughout the EU's Member States. Competition within the EU is also dealt with, the provisions of Articles 85 and 86 of the Treaty of Rome being of particular relevance due to the large amount of recent case law in this area. There is a large section dealing with company law matters, including the emergence and development of new types of corporation, privatization and the westernization of companies in countries such as China. The recovery of monies and the enforcement of judgments in this respect are always issues of high priority in business. The volume thus discusses these matters in a separate section on `Debt Recovery'. The remainder of the book is divided into parts dealing with finance and mergers and acquisitions, together with a general commercial law section. The Comparative Law Yearbook of International Business has been prepared by specialist practitioners from all corners of the world for the use of international business lawyers and their clients.
This collection offers a study of the regimes for the recognition and enforcement of foreign commercial judgments in 15 Asian jurisdictions: mainland China, Hong Kong, Taiwan, Japan, Korea, Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam, Cambodia, Myanmar, the Philippines, Indonesia, Sri Lanka and India. For practising lawyers, the book is intended as a practical guide to current law and procedures for enforcing judgments in the selected jurisdictions. However, it does not stop at describing current law and practice. Of interest to academics and students, it also analyses the common principles of the enforcement regimes across the jurisdictions, and identifies what should be regarded as the norm for enforcement in Asian countries for the purpose of attracting foreign direct investment and catalysing rapid economic development. In light of the common principles identified, the book explores how laws in Asia may generally be improved to enable judgments to be more readily enforced, while ensuring that legitimate concerns over indirect jurisdiction, due process and domestic public policy are respected and addressed. With this in mind, the book discusses the potential impact that the adoption of the 2005 Hague Convention on Choice of Court Agreements might have on Asian jurisdictions; it also considers the potential impact of the convention for the enforcement of judgments in civil and commercial matters presently being drafted by the Hague Conference on Private International Law. This timely book argues that it is imperative to adopt a uniform system for the recognition and enforcement of judgments throughout Asia if there is to be traction for the enhanced cross-border commerce that is expected to result from endeavours such as the ASEAN Economic Community (AEC), the Belt and Road Initiative (BRI), CPTPP (also known as TPP-11), and RCEP.