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There is a broad definition of 'environmental tax' in the EU State aid law context. This article provides a critical analysis of the use of this concept within the framework of the General Block Exemption Regulation (GBER) and of the Commission's Guidelines on State aid for environmental protection and energy 2014-2020 to raise the question of whether it suits the purpose of the special treatment of energy taxation in the field of EU State aids. This article argues that the current legal framework is inadequate in several aspects and also considers which formula could offer better compatibility and greater efficiency in light of State aid regulatory objectives, keeping in mind EU environmental policy and its principles.
Sumario: Part I. The energy sector in the eu: some preliminary premises - Part II. State aid and key legal concepts: looking for a common understanding - Part III: Eu energy taxation system: a critical analysis in light of competitiveness and environmental protection objectives - Part IV. Looking beyond the eu: a comparative analysis and the international framework.
Sumario: Part I. The energy sector in the eu: some preliminary premises - Part II. State aid and key legal concepts: looking for a common understanding - Part III: Eu energy taxation system: a critical analysis in light of competitiveness and environmental protection objectives - Part IV. Looking beyond the eu: a comparative analysis and the international framework.
As the State aid rules illustrate, law designed to protect trade can limit the extent to which governments may use tax incentives to achieve energy and environmental goals. Yet these legal limitations can vary significantly around the world, affecting the role that tax incentives may play in different countries. This article briefly explores how federal constitutional law in the United States shapes the use of energy-related tax expenditures at the federal and state level with a particular eye toward features that are relevant to a comparison with the European Union's taxation powers and its State aid rules.
"The United States faces enormous challenges in the energy area. Climate change, biofuels policy, energy security, and environmental degradation are all intimately bound up with energy production and consumption. Historically, the federal government has relied on tax subsidies to effect energy policy. With mounting federal deficits, policy makers and advocates are increasingly calling for a rethinking of our energy tax policy. How can the federal tax code strengthen environmental policy and reduce security concerns in the area of energy? This book brings together leading tax scholars to answer this question. The authors tackle such difficult problems as climate change, efficient taxation of oil and gas, and optimal oil tax policy in a world in which OPEC oil producers dominate the world oil supply. This volume presents a number of innovative policy suggestions backed by sophisticated and cutting-edge research carried out by leading scholars in the area of energy taxation. Scholars and policy makers alike will appreciate the incisive analysis and discussion of critical issues that are part of the energy challenge in the twenty-first century"--Provided by publisher.
The United States faces enormous challenges in the energy area. Climate change, biofuels policy, energy security, and environmental degradation are all intimately bound up with energy production and consumption. Historically, the federal government has relied on tax subsidies to effect energy policy. With mounting federal deficits, policymakers and advocates are increasingly calling for a rethinking of our energy tax policy. How can the federal tax code strengthen environmental policy and reduce security concerns in the area of energy? This book brings together leading tax scholars to answer this question. The authors tackle such difficult problems as climate change, efficient taxation of oil and gas, and optimal oil tax policy in a world with OPEC oil producers dominating world oil supply. This volume presents a number of innovative policy suggestions backed by sophisticated and cutting-edge research carried out by leading scholars in the area of energy taxation. Scholars and policymakers alike will appreciate the incisive analysis and discussion of critical issues that are part of the twenty-first-century energy challenge.