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Exploring the shift from medieval to modern institutions in English agriculture and their importance for productivity, distribution, and their contribution to British economic growth, Allen's pioneering study shows that, contrary to the general assumption of many historians, small-scale farmers in the open-field system were responsible for a considerable proportion of the productivity growth achieved between the middle ages and the nineteenth century. The process of enclosure and the replacement of these yeoman farms with large-scale tenant farming relying on wage labor had relatively little impact on the agricultural contribution to economic development during industrial revolution. Enclosures and large farms enriched landowners without benefiting consumers, workers, or farmers. Thoroughly grounded in archival sources, and underpinned by rigorous economic analysis, this book is a scholarly and challenging reassessment of the history of English agriculture.
The challenges and opportunities offered to British farming by the profound changes of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries make these years of outstanding interest to the agricultural historian. These original essays are presented to Gordon Mingay, the most distinguished historian of the Agricultural Revolution, and reflect his own interests in three central themes; landownership and landed society; rural labour; and agriculture both as a business and as a way of life.
This book identifies the strategic changes that affected Britain from 1750-1850.
Levels of employment, wage rates, welfare relief, sexual divisions of labor, apprenticeship patterns and seasonal economic fluctuations are included in this reassessment of the standard of living of rural labor during this period of England's industrialization.