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Although used with increasing frequency in many branches of physics, random matrix ensembles are not always sufficiently specific to account for important features of the physical system at hand. One refinement which retains the basic stochastic approach but allows for such features consists in the use of embedded ensembles. The present text is an exhaustive introduction to and survey of this important field. Starting with an easy-to-read introduction to general random matrix theory, the text then develops the necessary concepts from the beginning, accompanying the reader to the frontiers of present-day research. With some notable exceptions, to date these ensembles have primarily been applied in nuclear spectroscopy. A characteristic example is the use of a random two-body interaction in the framework of the nuclear shell model. Yet, topics in atomic physics, mesoscopic physics, quantum information science and statistical mechanics of isolated finite quantum systems can also be addressed using these ensembles. This book addresses graduate students and researchers with an interest in applications of random matrix theory to the modeling of more complex physical systems and interactions, with applications such as statistical spectroscopy in mind.
Although used with increasing frequency in many branches of physics, random matrix ensembles are not always sufficiently specific to account for important features of the physical system at hand. One refinement which retains the basic stochastic approach but allows for such features consists in the use of embedded ensembles. The present text is an exhaustive introduction to and survey of this important field. Starting with an easy-to-read introduction to general random matrix theory, the text then develops the necessary concepts from the beginning, accompanying the reader to the frontiers of present-day research. With some notable exceptions, to date these ensembles have primarily been applied in nuclear spectroscopy. A characteristic example is the use of a random two-body interaction in the framework of the nuclear shell model. Yet, topics in atomic physics, mesoscopic physics, quantum information science and statistical mechanics of isolated finite quantum systems can also be addressed using these ensembles. This book addresses graduate students and researchers with an interest in applications of random matrix theory to the modeling of more complex physical systems and interactions, with applications such as statistical spectroscopy in mind.
This book provides an understandable review of SU(3) representations, SU(3) Wigner–Racah algebra and the SU(3) ⊃ SO(3) integrity basis operators, which are often considered to be difficult and are avoided by most nuclear physicists. Explaining group algebras that apply to specific physical systems and discussing their physical applications, the book is a useful resource for researchers in nuclear physics. At the same time it helps experimentalists to interpret data on rotational nuclei by using SU(3) symmetry that appears in a variety of nuclear models, such as the shell model, pseudo-SU(3) model, proxy-SU(3) model, symplectic Sp(6, R) model, various interacting boson models, various interacting boson–fermion models, and cluster models. In addition to presenting the results from all these models, the book also describes a variety of statistical results that follow from the SU(3) symmetry.
This advanced textbook presents an extensive and diverse study of low-energy nuclear physics considering the nucleus as a quantum system of strongly interacting constituents. The contents guide students from the basic facts and ideas to more modern topics including important developments over the last 20 years, resulting in a comprehensive collection of major modern-day nuclear models otherwise unavailable in the current literature. The book emphasizes the common features of the nucleus and other many-body mesoscopic systems currently in the center of interest in physics. The authors have also included full problem sets that can be selected by lecturers and adjusted to specific interests for more advanced students, with many chapters containing links to freely available computer code. As a result, readers are equipped for scientific work in mesoscopic physics.
This book summarizes the recent development of nuclear science as an important part of mesoscopic physics, the intermediate world between the macroscopic and microscopic. This fast developing area with many practical applications includes complex atoms, molecules (including biological), nuclei, small-scale solid state systems, and future quantum computers. The complexity of the problem appears due to the richness of problems, from the necessity to study individual quantum levels, to the fundamental features of statistics and thermodynamics.
This book a first comprehensive review on statistical spectroscopy deals with two related yet distinct topics a" averages and fluctuations. While fluctuations have been dealt with in considerable detail in Porter's book entitled Statistical Theories of Spectra: Fluctuations and subsequent reviews and books there does not exist at present a similar treatise on averages. This unique volume is designed to fill this significant gap.The book begins with an introductory review and overview of the subject of spectral distributions initiated by J Bruce French in the 60's followed by a collection of original papers which continue to give new insight on average properties of spectra. The purpose is to highlight the considerable advancements made in the application of statistical spectroscopy to nuclear structure and to encourage new directions in random matrix theory many-body chaos and statistical mechanics of finite quantum systems such as nuclei atoms molecules quantum dots etc.Along with Wong's book entitled Nuclear Statistical Spectroscopy this volume would be useful to a reader looking for a thorough introduction to the subject as well as to the specialist contemplating new applications. Finally with most of the material available in one place this book would be ideal in the design of graduate courses in statistical spectroscopy suited to specific needs.
Medium heavy nuclei with mass number A=60-90 exhibit a variety of complex collective properties, provide a laboratory for double beta decay studies, and are a region of all heavy N=Z nuclei. This book discusses these three aspects of nuclear structure using Deformed Shell Model and the Spin-Isospin Invariant Interacting Boson Model naturally generated by fermionic SO(8) symmetry. Using these two models, the book describes properties of medium heavy nuclei with mass number A=60-90. It provides a good reference for future nuclear structure experiments using radioactive ion beam (RIB) facilities. Various results obtained by the authors and other research groups are also explained in this book.
Random matrices are widely and successfully used in physics for almost 60-70 years, beginning with the works of Dyson and Wigner. Although it is an old subject, it is constantly developing into new areas of physics and mathematics. It constitutes now a part of the general culture of a theoretical physicist. Mathematical methods inspired by random matrix theory become more powerful, sophisticated and enjoy rapidly growing applications in physics. Recent examples include the calculation of universal correlations in the mesoscopic system, new applications in disordered and quantum chaotic systems, in combinatorial and growth models, as well as the recent breakthrough, due to the matrix models, in two dimensional gravity and string theory and the non-abelian gauge theories. The book consists of the lectures of the leading specialists and covers rather systematically many of these topics. It can be useful to the specialists in various subjects using random matrices, from PhD students to confirmed scientists.
Experimental studies carried out by a spectroscopic approach, and the techniques used for investigating the acquired information, can be given a robust modern analytical framework in the design of new materials, and for emphasis on the expansion of physical foundations of new materials. Emerging Trends in Advanced Spectroscopy may help to understand the applications of spectroscopic tools in material characterization. The text also shows how different spectroscopic methods are used by researchers worldwide, and how we can correlate the experimental observations with structural information.Technical topics discussed in the book include:  Geometries, electronic structures and vibrational spectral studies  Advanced spectroscopic techniques in polymer chemistry Spectroscopic portrayals of graphitic structures fluorescent metal nanoclusters as sensory probes for metal ions colorimetric chemo sensor  Nano mixed ferrites and their applications to nanoelectronics  Solid phase astrochemistry
Equilibrium and Non-equilibrium Statistical Mechanics is a source-book of great value to college and university students embarking upon a serious reading of Statistical Mechanics, and is likely to be of interest to teachers of the subject as well. Written in a lucid style, the book builds up the subject from basics, and goes on to quite advanced and modern developments, giving an overview of the entire framework of statistical mechanics. The equilibrium ensembles of quantum and classical statistical mechanics are introduced at length, indicating their relation to equilibrium states of thermodynamic systems, and the applications of these ensembles in the case of the ideal gas are worked out, pointing out the relevance of the ideal gas in respect of a number of real-life systems. The application to interacting systems is then taken up by way of explaining the virial expansion of a dilute gas. The book then deals with a number of foundational questions relating to the existence of the thermodynamic limit and to the equivalence of the various equilibrium ensembles. The relevance of the thermodynamic limit in explaining phase transitions is indicated with reference to the Yang-Lee theory and the Kirkwood-Salsburg equations for correlation functions. The statistical mechanics of interacting systems is then taken up again, with reference to the 1D and 2D Ising model and to the spin glass model of disordered systems. Applications of the Mean field theory are worked out, explaining the Landau-Ginzburg theory, which is then followed by the renormalization group approach to phase transitions. Interacting systems in the quantum context are referred to, addressing separately the cases of interacting bosons and fermions. The case of the weakly interacting bosons is explained in details, while the Landau theory for fermi liquids is also explained in outline. The book then goes on to a modern but readable account of non-equilibrium statistical mechanics, explaining the link with irreversible thermodynamcs. After an exposition of the Boltzmann equations and the linear response theory illustrated with reference to the hydrodynamic model, it explains the statistical mechanics of reduced systems, in the context of a number of reduction schemes. This is followed by an account of the relevance of dynamical chaos in laying down the foundations of classical statistical mechanics, where the SRB distributon is introduced in the context of non-equilibrium steady states, with reference to which the principle of minimum entropy production is explaned. A number of basic fluctuation relations are then worked out, pointing out their relation to irreversible thermodynamics. Finally, the book explains the relevance of quantum chaos in addressing foundational issues in quantum statistical mechanics, beginning with Berry’s conjecture and then going on to an exposition of the eigenstate thermalization (ETH) hypothesis, indicating how the latter is relevant in explaining the processes of equilibriation and thermalization in thermodynamic systems and their sub-systems.