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ELT METHODS AND APPROACHES: EXPERIMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS narrates the experiments and observations of different methodological approaches in English Language Teaching. The beginning of each chapter provides a conceptual framework of each method and approach supported by well-known critics and scholars in the field. Such a theoretical background to most of the methods and approaches in English Language Teaching may attract students, research scholars and classroom teachers. The book shares personal experiences in writing this book, an amalgam of theory and practice in English Language Teaching. They emphasize the application of those methods and approaches in a particular EFL/ESL situation. That is what seemed to motivate me to write this book, a different source in that it not only provides the conceptual framework of different methods, approaches and techniques but also executes and experiments with them in EFL/ESL situations. The work is unique as it not only experiments with different methods and approaches but also observes what practical challenges learners and teachers face during their implementation as well as how these difficulties can be addressed and overcome. This text has provided adequate scope for learners, the target group to integrate them into the research. They have actively participated in the creation and formation of this book. The book has positively included learners’ feedback on the execution, approach and technique. Their feedback is important in assessing whether a method or approach is successful in a specific EFL/ESL environment. Learners’ feedback has assisted the authors as they present, discuss and assess the advantages and disadvantages of each method. We have shared personal experiences with different EFL/ESL learners in three countries, the United States of America, Saudi Arabia and India.
Language learning research aims to describe and fully explain how and why language learning takes place, but can fall short of its stated purpose. Systematic, rigorous research is needed if the growing field of language learning is to progress methodically. This book demonstrates and fully explains such a methodology. Given that research in language acquisition yields practical pedagogical implications, it is crucial that it is rigorous and accurate. This book offers a quantitative research methodology that relies on statistical analysis in order to make inferences and conclusions about language learning. Experimental research aims to understand differences between or within groups of learners under manipulated environments. It requires strict control of conditions, enabling interpretations with a low factor of error. Aek Phakiti provides step-by-step guidelines and underlying principles, epistemology and methodology, in a book that is essential for advanced students of language acquisition and language and education.
This book offers a lively introduction to the research methods and techniques available to English language teachers who wish to investigate aspects of their own practice. It covers qualitative and quantitative methodology and includes sections on observation, introspection, diary studies, experiments, interviews, questionnaires, numerical techniques and case study research. Each method is illustrated with examples in language teaching contexts, and techniques of data collection and analysis are introduced. The authors focus particularly on research in the classroom, on tests, materials, the effects of innovations, and they discuss methods appropriate to research in various collaborative modes as well as by individuals. A key feature of the book is an introduction to the debate surrounding different approaches to research, with an evaluation of traditional research in relation to the paradigms associated with reflective practice and action research. The book is ideal for teachers on initial training and post-experience courses, students on degree programmes in applied linguistics and TEFL and, of course, practising teachers with an interest in research methods in language teaching.
ELT METHODS AND APPROACHES: EXPERIMENTS AND OBSERVATIONS narrates the experiments and observations of different methodological approaches in English Language Teaching. The beginning of each chapter provides a conceptual framework of each method and approach supported by well-known critics and scholars in the field. Such a theoretical background to most of the methods and approaches in English Language Teaching may attract students, research scholars and classroom teachers. The book shares personal experiences in writing this book, an amalgam of theory and practice in English Language Teaching. They emphasize the application of those methods and approaches in a particular EFL/ESL situation. That is what seemed to motivate me to write this book, a different source in that it not only provides the conceptual framework of different methods, approaches and techniques but also executes and experiments with them in EFL/ESL situations. The work is unique as it not only experiments with different methods and approaches but also observes what practical challenges learners and teachers face during their implementation as well as how these difficulties can be addressed and overcome. This text has provided adequate scope for learners, the target group to integrate them into the research. They have actively participated in the creation and formation of this book. The book has positively included learners' feedback on the execution, approach and technique. Their feedback is important in assessing whether a method or approach is successful in a specific EFL/ESL environment. Learners' feedback has assisted the authors as they present, discuss and assess the advantages and disadvantages of each method. We have shared personal experiences with different EFL/ESL learners in three countries, the United States of America, Saudi Arabia and India.
Providing a comprehensive survey of cutting-edge work on second language learning, this Handbook, written by a team of leading experts, surveys the nature of second language learning and its implications for teaching. Prominent theories and methods from linguistics, psycholinguistics, processing-based, and cognitive approaches are covered and organised thematically across sections dealing with skill development, individual differences, pedagogical interventions and approaches, and context and environment. This state-of-the-art volume will interest researchers in second language studies and language education, and will also reach out to advanced undergraduate and graduate students in these and other related areas.
Intercultural language education has redefined the modern languages agenda in Europe and North America. Now intercultural learning is also beginning to impact on English Language Teaching. This accessible book introduces teachers of EFL to intercultural language education by describing its history and theoretical principles, and by giving examples of classroom tasks.
This proceedings book captures a wide range of timely themes for readers to be able to foresee the digital era's impact on English teaching in non-English speaking countries. English used in the global environment, the frequent mobile communication, and the use of AI-based translators are bringing about dramatic changes in our English language learning and teaching. Who can provide us the wisdom to know what to do? Those scholars going through these complex environmental changes! A collection of puzzle pieces may bring us a better contour for the future than a perfectly edited book. It's indeed a pleasure reading these insightful pieces to gain wisdom for the future of ELT practices in global contexts.
With the future of education being disrupted and the onset of day-to-day uncertainties and challenges that have to be solved quickly, teachers are now turning to professional development communities/support communities where they can share and learn about effective practices to use in the classroom. While transitioning to blended or online learning and keeping up with the technological advances in education, these communities provide an essential backbone for teachers to rely on for support and updated knowledge on what educational practices are being utilized, how they are working, and what solutions have been found for the ever-changing climate of education. Research on the benefits and use of these communities, as well as on the latest educational practices, is essential in teacher development and student learning in the current culture of a rapidly changing educational environment. The Research Anthology on Facilitating New Educational Practices Through Communities of Learning contains hand-selected, previously published research that provides information on the communities of learning that teachers are currently involved in to seek the latest educational practices. The chapters cover the context of these communities, the benefits, and an overview of how this support is a necessary tool in today’s practices of teaching and learning. While highlighting topics such as learning communities, teacher development, mentoring, and virtual communities, this book is essential for inservice and preservice teachers, administrators, teacher educators, practitioners, stakeholders, researchers, academicians, and students who are interested in how communities of practice tie into professional development, teacher learning, and the online shift in teaching.
Contents: The Nature of Language, Acquisition of the First Language, Approaches to Language Teaching, Grammar-Translation Method, Structural Approach, Audio- Lingual and Direct Method, Bilingual Method, Communicative Language Teaching, Language Content and Kinds of Lessons, Techniques for Teaching English, Teaching English in Universities, Teaching English in English Medium Schools, Equipping the English Teacher, Micro-teaching in Teacher Education.
This book offers an in-depth explanation of Task-Based Language Teaching (TBLT) and the methods necessary to implement it in the language classroom successfully. Combines a survey of theory and research in instructed second language acquisition (ISLA) with insights from language teaching and the philosophy of education Details best practice for TBLT programs, including discussion of learner needs and means analysis; syllabus design; materials writing; choice of methodological principles and pedagogic procedures; criterion-referenced, task-based performance assessment; and program evaluation Written by an esteemed scholar of second language acquisition with over 30 years of research and classroom experience Considers diffusion of innovation in education and the potential impact of TBLT on foreign and second language learning