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DNA molecules possess high density genetic information in living beings, as well as self-assembly and self-recognition properties that make them excellent candidates for many scientific areas, from medicine to nanotechnology. The process of electron transport through DNA is important because DNA repair occurs spontaneously via the process that restores mismatches and lesions, and furthermore, DNA-based molecular electronics in nano-bioelectronics can be possible through the process. Our work considers a one-dimensional one-channel DNA model, a quasi-one-dimensional one-channel DNA model, and a two-dimensional four-channel DNA model by studying the transport properties such as overall contour plots of transmission, localization lengths, the Lyapunov exponent, and current-voltage characteristics as a function of incoming electron energy and magnetic flux. The behavior of these characteristics is analyzed depending on the system parameters, temperature effects, and magnetic flux effects. The study of quantum mechanical electron transport through DNA molecule will enhance understanding of the electrical properties of DNA, both for assessment and repair of damage, and to explore charge-
Charge migration through DNA has been the focus of considerable interest in recent years. This book presents contributions from an international team of researchers active in this field. It contains a wide range of topics that includes the mathematical background of the quantum processes involved, the role of charge transfer in DNA radiation damage, a new approach to DNA sequencing, DNA photonics, and many others.
The deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) has been widely recognized as the hereditary material found in all organisms. It consists of four nucleotide bases adenine (A), guanine (G), cytosine (C), and thymine (T) linked to a sugar-phosphate backbone. The hydrogen bonds, together with the base-pairs rules of the nucleotide bases, form the double-stranded DNA strand. This thesis aims to study the theoretical analysis of the electron transmission through a two-dimensional, four-channel DNA model, specifically the effect of the magnetic field, temperature, and electron spin. It also includes the graphical outputs on the transmission, 2-D and 3-D contour plots, Lyapunov coefficient, localization length, current-voltage characteristics, spin polarization, and spinpolarized current. Due to the presence of magnetic flux on DNA, the Aharonov-Bohm oscillation with the periodicity of AB oscillations in the transmission and a semiconductor behavior in I-V characteristics could be observed. The increase in temperature can reduce the electron transmission and conductance of the DNA regardless of its sequencing (i.e. periodic, mismatched, or palindromic). However, the highest current could be found in a periodic DNA sequence. The research findings also show that the double-stranded DNA serves as a perfect spin filter despite the weak spin-obit coupling, and therefore its spin filtration efficiency could be enhanced by increasing the DNA length. Depending on the distance between the replacements of the mispairs and the contacts, and to the number of mispairs, the mismatched sequences could affect the spin polarization. The double-stranded DNA could also act as either a semiconductor or a metal depending on the spin-orbit coupling strength, which shows high spin-polarized current. However, the variation on the helix angle only enables double-stranded DNA to serve as a semiconductor with a high percentage of spin-polarized current at a specific bias voltage.
with contributions by numerous experts
To study the electronic properties of double-stranded DNA as to determining whether this macromolecule can support electron transport processes. This pertains to possibly utilizing the base sequence and secondary structure of DNA as a matrix for developing molecular level electronic components. Toward these goals, we have studied the anisotropic electronic properties of DNA single crystals using reflectance spectroscopy and studied the interactions of transitions metals with double-stranded DNA by X-ray diffraction. We have also synthesized a number of porphyrin and acridine modified DNA molecules, and assembled a photoflash photolysis apparatus for direct study of electron transfer through DNA. In related work, we have shown that the propensity for DNA to adopt specific double helical conformations can be predicted from calculations of solvent accessible surfaces. From this, we were able to obtain diffraction quality single crystals of DNA oligomers in a predictive manner.
The Molecular Basis of Electron Transport presents the proceedings of the Miami Winter Symposia, held in Miami, Florida, on January 13–14, 1972. This book focuses on the development of the mitochondrial electron transport system by a symbiotic relationship of some bacteria with the cell. Comprised of 15 chapters, this volume starts with an overview of the structure and function of mitochondria. This book then explains all of the major categories of mitochondrial phenomena and provides the detailed molecular mechanism for mitochondrial energy coupling. Other chapters discuss the five postulates of the electromechanochemical model, including the super molecule concept, the principle of electromechanochemical energy transduction, conformon coupling, field-induced generation of the linkage system, and the de facto unit of mitochondrial control. Finally, the reader is introduced to the liver microsomal enzyme system, which catalyzes the hydroxylation of a variety of drugs, hydrocarbons, and fatty acids. Biologists, molecular biologists, and biochemists will find this book extremely useful.
The functional properties of any molecule are directly related to, and affected by, its structure. This is especially true for DNA, the molecular that carries the code for all life on earth. The third edition of Understanding DNA has been entirely revised and updated, and expanded to cover new advances in our understanding. It explains, step by step, how DNA forms specific structures, the nature of these structures and how they fundamentally affect the biological processes of transcription and replication. Written in a clear, concise and lively fashion, Understanding DNA is essential reading for all molecular biology, biochemistry and genetics students, to newcomers to the field from other areas such as chemistry or physics, and even for seasoned researchers, who really want to understand DNA. - Describes the basic units of DNA and how these form the double helix, and the various types of DNA double helix - Outlines the methods used to study DNA structure - Contains over 130 illustrations, some in full color, as well as exercises and further readings to stimulate student comprehension
The idea of incorporating DNA molecules in designing nanoscale electronic devices has drawn the attention of several researchers due to the unique properties of DNA, such as selfassembly and self-recognition. As the number of theoretical and experimental studies expanded, researchers also became interested in the use of DNA molecules in designing nanoscale thermal and thermoelectric devices. In this thesis, we theoretically explore the electron transport properties through double-helix DNA strands by using the tight-binding (TB) Hamiltonian method. We also present graphical outputs of the transmission, contour plots of transmission, localization lengths, and current-voltage characteristics. Our results showed that higher electron conductivity could be observed in an ordered DNA system with a single type of base-pair, with the GC base-pair performing greater conductivity than AT base-pairs. We investigated the native and methylated DNA strands, wherein the electron transmission in the native DNA strand provided a higher electrical conductance. Variations in electron transmission spectrum depending on the contact coupling energies were also observed. As the applied temperature increased, thermal fluctuations destroyed the system and hence, reduced transport in the methylated DNA strand. By employing the phonon transport theory using the equation of motion of the system, the transmission coefficient in the single-stranded DNA model showed a number of resonant transmission peaks depending on the number of the DNA bases, while antiresonance behavior showed in the double-stranded DNA models due to the disorder of masses. The doublehelix DNA placed under different heat sources with different temperatures displayed the characteristics of a poor heat conductor. The thermopower values also indicated that the DNA strand serves as an n-type material. Poly(A)–poly(T) chain performed lower ZT figure of merit, while its thermal conductivity remained higher compared to the poly(G)–poly(C) chain.