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La constitución y el proceso penal son entidades inescindibles y las caras de una misma moneda; el derecho procesal penal, sino en la constitución y en la amplísima y compleja jurisprudencia de la corte constitucional, que ha especificado el contenido de las cláusulas de derechos fundamentales y de regulación del poder punitivo del estado.Este texto que se entrega a los estudiosos del derecho ha sido escrito con dos pretensiones: profundidad y sencillez, Se ha buscado ahondar en la teoría constitucional que subyace al proceso penal de descubrir la forma como esta teoría se materializa y se precisa en la jurisprudencia de las cortes constitucional y suprema de justicia, la legislación y la manera como tales fundamentos teóricos se han concebido en el derecho comparado.
Como se señaló en la presentación del primer tomo, este texto es el resultado de la investigación sobre los fundamentos constitucionales del derecho procesal penal. Esta obra ha dado especial importancia al derecho comparado, al análisis jurisprudencial, tanto de decisiones foráneas y de tribunales internacionales como de sentencias internas, especialmente de la Sala Penal de la Corte Suprema de Justicia y de la Corte Constitucional, y a la doctrina especializada nacional y extranjera.Igualmente se examinan los aspectos centrales y estructurales del juicio oral, para lo cual se hace especial énfasis en la acusación y el juzgamiento. Así mismo estudiaremos lo relacionado con la terminación anticipada del proceso penal, el allanamiento a la imputación, las negociaciones y los preacuerdos. Finalmente, ahondaremos en los mecanismos de control y protección de los derechos fundamentales dentro del proceso penal. Por esta razón, necesariamente se estudiará el contenido conceptual del derecho y la garantía fundamental al debido proceso, lo atinente a las nulidades y al sistema de control constitucional en el proceso penal. Rendimos un sincero homenaje al Prof Dr. h. c. multo Fernando Hinestrosa, quien durante su rectoría nos dio su apoyo incondicional en el proceso de elaboración de esta obra. A él expresamos nuestro sentimiento de gratitud. Jaime Bernal Cuéllar, Eduardo Montealegre Lynett
La obra completa está destinada, en primer lugar, a ser útil a la praxis, en la que yo mismo he hecho mi experiencia. Justamente por esto busco aprovechar, en la mayor forma posible, las resoluciones de nuestro más alto tribunal; mientras que la literatura solo ha podido ser utilizada en forma seleccionada. No quiero presentar un tratado. Pero la denominación “Comentario doctrinario” debe indicar que con mi trabajo persigo también fines didácticos. El estudiante maduro, como el aspirante, deben encontrar aquí los instrumentos científicos que puedan proporcionarle una comprensión del derecho procesal penal, tanto en su totalidad, como en sus aspectos particulares. Las experiencias que acostumbro a hacer en los exámenes finales de derecho con el saber y las posibilidades jurídicos procesales de los jóvenes juristas corrientes, que están al final de su perfeccionamiento, me demuestran que tal tentativa es muy necesaria. Quizás pueda esperar que, justamente, el presente desarrollo del derecho procesal penal y del derecho orgánico de los tribunales pueda ser provechoso para la formación de los aspirantes, muy necesitados de una profundización en este campo del Derecho. EBERHARD SCHMIDT
CONTENIDO: Filosofía del derecho y antropología jurídica - Sociología del control penal y problemas sociales - El sistema penal: historia, política (s) y controversias - Recuerdos y reflexiones en voz alta.
Reflecting a global trend, scores of countries have affirmed that their citizens are entitled to healthy air, water, and land and that their constitution should guarantee certain environmental rights. This book examines the increasing recognition that the environment is a proper subject for protection in constitutional texts and for vindication by constitutional courts. This phenomenon, which the authors call environmental constitutionalism, represents the confluence of constitutional law, international law, human rights, and environmental law. National apex and constitutional courts are exhibiting a growing interest in environmental rights, and as courts become more aware of what their peers are doing, this momentum is likely to increase. This book explains why such provisions came into being, how they are expressed, and the extent to which they have been, and might be, enforced judicially. It is a singular resource for evaluating the content of and hope for constitutional environmental rights.
http://dx.doi.org/10.12946/gplh3 http://www.epubli.de/shop/buch/48746 "Spanish colonial law, derecho indiano, has since the early 20th century been a vigorous subdiscipline of legal history. One of great figures in the field, the Argentinian legal historian Víctor Tau Anzoátegui, published in 1997 his Nuevos horizontes en el estudio histórico del derecho indiano. The book, in which Tau addressed seminal methodological questions setting tone for the discipline’s future orientation, proved to be the starting point for an important renewal of the discipline. Tau drew on the writings of legal historians, such as Paolo Grossi, Antonio Manuel Hespanha, and Bartolomé Clavero. Tau emphasized the development of legal history in connection to what he called “the posture superseding rational and statutory state law.” The following features of normativity were now in need of increasing scholarly attention: the autonomy of different levels of social organization, the different modes of normative creativity, the many different notions of law and justice, the position of the jurist as an artifact of law, and the casuistic character of the legal decisions. Moreover, Tau highlighted certain areas of Spanish colonial law that he thought deserved more attention than they had hitherto received. One of these was the history of the learned jurist: the letrado was to be seen in his social, political, economic, and bureaucratic context. The Argentinian legal historian called for more scholarly works on book history, and he thought that provincial and local histories of Spanish colonial law had been studied too little. Within the field of historical science as a whole, these ideas may not have been revolutionary, but they contributed in an important way to bringing the study of Spanish colonial law up-to-date. It is beyond doubt that Tau’s programmatic visions have been largely fulfilled in the past two decades. Equally manifest is, however, that new challenges to legal history and Spanish colonial law have emerged. The challenges of globalization are felt both in the historical and legal sciences, and not the least in the field of legal history. They have also brought major topics (back) on to the scene, such as the importance of religious normativity within the normative setting of societies. These challenges have made scholars aware of the necessity to reconstruct the circulation of ideas, juridical practices, and researchers are becoming more attentive to the intense cultural translation involved in the movement of legal ideas and institutions from one context to another. Not least, the growing consciousness and strong claims to reconsider colonial history from the premises of postcolonial scholarship expose the discipline to an unseen necessity of reconsidering its very foundational concepts. What concept of law do we need for our historical studies when considering multi-normative settings? How do we define the spatial dimension of our work? How do we analyze the entanglements in legal history? Until recently, Spanish colonial law attracted little interest from non-Hispanic scholars, and its results were not seen within a larger global context. In this respect, Spanish colonial law was hardly different from research done on legal history of the European continent or common law. Spanish colonial law has, however, recently become a topic of interest beyond the Hispanic world. The field is now increasingly seen in the context of “global legal history,” while the old and the new research results are often put into a comparative context of both European law of the early Modern Period and other colonial legal orders. In this volume, scholars from different parts of the Western world approach Spanish colonial law from the new perspectives of contemporary legal historical research."
Judicial control of public power ensures a guarantee of the rule of law. This book addresses the scope and limits of judicial control at the national level, i.e. the control of public authorities, and at the supranational level, i.e. the control of States. It explores the risk of judicial review leading to judicial activism that can threaten the principle of the separation of powers or the legitimate exercise of state powers. It analyzes how national and supranational legal systems have embodied certain mechanisms, such as the principles of reasonableness, proportionality, deference and margin of appreciation, as well as the horizontal effects of human rights that help to determine how far a judge can go. Taking a theoretical and comparative view, the book first examines the conceptual bases of the various control systems and then studies the models, structural elements, and functions of the control instruments in selected countries and regions. It uses country and regional reports as the basis for the comparison of the convergences and divergences of the implementation of control in certain countries of Europe, Latin America, and Africa. The book’s theoretical reflections and comparative investigations provide answers to important questions, such as whether or not there are nascent universal principles concerning the control of public power, how strong the impact of particular legal traditions is, and to what extent international law concepts have had harmonizing and strengthening effects on internal public-power control.
Combines documents and analytical essays timed for the bicentennial in 2003. It explains the constitutional, political, philosophical background to judicial review, the historical record leading to this landmark case and the impact of the decision since 1803.
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.