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Las enfermedades cardíacas, en concreto el infarto de miocardio, son difíciles de calificar. Tradicionalmente la jurisprudencia ha considerado accidentes de trabajo a los infartos de miocardio cuando son consecuencia de la tensión o el esfuerzo realizado en el trabajo. Ha interpretado extensivamente el concepto de lesión, incluyendo en la misma, fallos cardíacos, vasculares o circulatorios. El esfuerzo, el estrés o la tensión emocional son factores de riesgo propios de la actividad laboral que pueden influir en el desencadenamiento de una crisis cardiaca. En estos supuestos opera la presunción legal de laboralidad (pueden suceder durante el trabajo sin constancia ni prueba alguna en cuanto a cuál pueda ser su verdadera causa), de modo que si se produce durante el tiempo y en el lugar de trabajo se califica de accidente de trabajo, con inversión del onus probandi, salvo que no se pruebe la laboralidad. No es impedimento a esa presunción de laboralidad el hecho de que el trabajador haya tenido antecedentes o molestias en momentos anteriores de tipo cardíaco o coronario, o incluso tabaquismo u otros factores de riesgo; ni antiguas crisis o episodios de dolencia cardiaca, calificados de accidentes de trabajo. De ahí la importancia de poder aplicar la presunción legal de accidente de trabajo a toda lesión que sufra el trabajador en tiempo y lugar de trabajo, prescindiendo de la prueba del nexo causal. Respecto al accidente in itinere y al accidente en misión, la jurisprudencia es aún mas restrictiva a la hora de acreditar la presunción de laboralidad.
This report considers the biological and behavioral mechanisms that may underlie the pathogenicity of tobacco smoke. Many Surgeon General's reports have considered research findings on mechanisms in assessing the biological plausibility of associations observed in epidemiologic studies. Mechanisms of disease are important because they may provide plausibility, which is one of the guideline criteria for assessing evidence on causation. This report specifically reviews the evidence on the potential mechanisms by which smoking causes diseases and considers whether a mechanism is likely to be operative in the production of human disease by tobacco smoke. This evidence is relevant to understanding how smoking causes disease, to identifying those who may be particularly susceptible, and to assessing the potential risks of tobacco products.
Developed by the National Strength and Conditioning Association (NSCA) and now in its fourth edition, Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning is the essential text for strength and conditioning professionals and students. This comprehensive resource, created by 30 expert contributors in the field, explains the key theories, concepts, and scientific principles of strength training and conditioning as well as their direct application to athletic competition and performance. The scope and content of Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning, Fourth Edition With HKPropel Access, have been updated to convey the knowledge, skills, and abilities required of a strength and conditioning professional and to address the latest information found on the Certified Strength and Conditioning Specialist (CSCS) exam. The evidence-based approach and unbeatable accuracy of the text make it the primary resource to rely on for CSCS exam preparation. The text is organized to lead readers from theory to program design and practical strategies for administration and management of strength and conditioning facilities. The fourth edition contains the most current research and applications and several new features: Online videos featuring 21 resistance training exercises demonstrate proper exercise form for classroom and practical use. Updated research—specifically in the areas of high-intensity interval training, overtraining, agility and change of direction, nutrition for health and performance, and periodization—helps readers better understand these popular trends in the industry. A new chapter with instructions and photos presents techniques for exercises using alternative modes and nontraditional implements. Ten additional tests, including those for maximum strength, power, and aerobic capacity, along with new flexibility exercises, resistance training exercises, plyometric exercises, and speed and agility drills help professionals design programs that reflect current guidelines. Key points, chapter objectives, and learning aids including key terms and self-study questions provide a structure to help students and professionals conceptualize the information and reinforce fundamental facts. Application sidebars provide practical application of scientific concepts that can be used by strength and conditioning specialists in real-world settings, making the information immediately relatable and usable. Online learning tools delivered through HKPropel provide students with 11 downloadable lab activities for practice and retention of information. Further, both students and professionals will benefit from the online videos of 21 foundational exercises that provide visual instruction and reinforce proper technique. Essentials of Strength Training and Conditioning, Fourth Edition, provides the most comprehensive information on organization and administration of facilities, testing and evaluation, exercise techniques, training adaptations, program design, and structure and function of body systems. Its scope, precision, and dependability make it the essential preparation text for the CSCS exam as well as a definitive reference for strength and conditioning professionals to consult in their everyday practice. Note: A code for accessing HKPropel is not included with this ebook but may be purchased separately.
Papers from the FAO Expert Consultation on Nutrition Education for the Public, 18-22 September 1995. - For the report of this conference, see FAO Food & Nutrition Paper 59 (ISBN 9251037973)
[This book is a] resource for personal trainers, health and fitness instructors, exercise scientists, and other fitness professionals, as well as the primary preparation source for the NSCA-Certified Personal Trainer examination ... It is an essential reference for anyone preparing for or already working in a career as a personal trainer.-Back cover.
The articles deal with a wide range of problems and questions, from the soaring costs of medical care, medical manpower and training, biomedical research, ethics, delivery systems, technology, and insurance to the very meaning of health.
A practical guide to important principles and theories in exercise physiology, kinesiology, nutrition, psychology and measurement and their application to physical fitness testing and exercise programme design.