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De Rousseau se ha hecho, e incluso se hace, una lectura preeminentemente política, priorizando El Contrato social sobre el resto de su obra. Esta visión, auspiciada por los partidarios de la Contrarrevolución, posteriormente se ha hecho canónica al asentarse los principios proclamados por los revolucionarios franceses. Con la perspectiva de esta visión sesgada, los escritos referentes a la religión se ven como añadidos discordantes, explicándose por causas subjetivas los que se presentan como disarmonías. Frente a esta interpretación, la que el autor propone atiende a aspectos culturales, antes que a aspectos subjetivos. Rousseau es fruto de un momento de transición. Frente al XVIII como el siglo de la razón, el pueblo es eminentemente religioso. La opción de Rousseau por el sentimiento religioso es una opción epistemológica pero a su vez es una opción social, una opción por el pueblo llano, frente a la razón auspiciada por la élite. Rousseau propone una revolución moral presidida por esquemas religiosos, aunque esta religión tiene que adaptarse a los nuevos tiempos: la metafísica debe ceder ante lo terrenal, o la moral primar frente a lo teológico. La religión civil, como religión patriótica, es expresión de su deísmo en el ámbito político.
"This volume celebrates his [Ralph Penney's] retirement in 2005 from the Chair of Spanish Linguistics at Queen Mary and Westfield College [University of London], at the age of 65"--P. 11.
The way in which people change and represent their spiritual evolution is often determined by recurrent language structures. Through the analysis of ancient and modern stories and their words and images, this book describes the nature of conversion through explorations of the encounter with the religious message, the discomfort of spiritual uncertainty, the loss of personal and social identity, the anxiety of destabilization, the reconstitution of the self and the discovery of a new language of the soul.
Comparing policy in America, France, and Turkey, this book analyzes the impact of ideological struggles on public policies toward religion.
Reading Newton in Early Modern Europe investigates how Sir Isaac Newton’s Principia was read, interpreted and remodelled for a variety of readerships in eighteenth-century Europe. The editors, Mordechai Feingold and Elizabethanne Boran, have brought together papers which explore how, when, where and why the Principia was appropriated by readers in Italy, Spain, the Netherlands, England and Ireland. Particular focus is laid on the methods of transmission of Newtonian ideas via university textbooks and popular works written for educated laymen and women. At the same time, challenges to the Newtonian consensus are explored by writers such as Marius Stan and Catherine Abou-Nemeh who examine Cartesian and Leibnizian responses to the Principia. Eighteenth-century attempts to remodel Newton as a heretic are explored by Feingold, while William R. Newman draws attention to vital new sources highlighting the importance of alchemy to Newton. Contributors are: Catherine Abou-Nemeh, Claudia Addabbo, Elizabethanne Boran, Steffen Ducheyne, Moredechai Feingold, Sarah Hutton, Juan Navarro-Loidi, William R. Newman, Luc Peterschmitt, Anna Marie Roos, Marius Stan, and Gerhard Wiesenfeldt.