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Die Deutsche Vereinigung für Politische Wissenschaft hat ihren 19. Wissenschaftli che Kongreß unter dem beherrschenden Eindruck des Zusammenbruchs des Realso zialismus und der deutschen Vereinigung geplant. Daher hat sie die deutsche und europäische Transformation nach dem Ende des Ost-West-Konflikts zu seinem Ge genstand gemacht. Das Thema, Einigung und Zerfall" sollte nach der Absicht von Vorstand und Beirat die widersprüchliche Dynamik dieses Prozesses zur Sprache bringen. Die Universität Potsdam, das Land Brandenburg und unsere Potsdamer Kol legen haben es auch dankenswerterweise ermöglicht, daß der Kongreß erstmals in einem der ostdeutschen Bundesländer stattfmden konnte. Entsprechend einem Beschluß von Vorstand und Beirat werden hier die Plenarre ferate des Kongresses dokumentiert, die sowohl der Außendarstellung des Faches als auch der Kommunikation über die Grenzen der fachinternen Spezialisierungen hin weg dienen sollen. Dem Herkommen entsprechend gliederten sie sich in drei The menbereiche, die sich an die geläufige grundlegende Dreiteilung des Faches anleh nen. Das sollte den Teildisziplinen Gelegenheit geben, sich der Fachöffentlichkeit insgesamt darzustellen und mit ihr ins Gespräch zu kommen. Die Plenarvorträge zur Innenpolitik, für die Heidrun Abromeit und Manfred Schmidt verantwortlich zeichnen, wollen eine Zwischenbilanz des deutschen Eini gungsprozesses ziehen. Sie fragen danach, ob ein Zusammenwachsen der politischen Kultur erwartet werden kann (Wilhelm Bürklin und Wolfgang Fach), und wie sich die politischen Institutionen im Prozeß des Institutionentransfers (Christine Landfried und Werner Jann) und bei der finanzpolitischen Bewältigung des Vereinigungspro zesses (Roland Czada und Heinrich Mäding) bewähren.
Concepts of totalitarianism have undergone an academic revival in recent years, particularly since the breakdown of communist systems in Europe in 1989-91: the totalitarian paradigm, so it seems to many scholars today, had been discarded prematurely in the heat of the Cold War. The demise of communism as a social system is, however, not only an important cause of the recurring attractiveness of the totalitarian paradigm, but provides at the same time new evidence and, correspondingly, new problems of explanation for all approaches in communist studies and totalitarianism theory in particular. This book contains articles by philosophers, social scientists and historians who reassess the validity of the totalitarian approach in the light of the recent historical developments in Eastern Europe. A first group of authors focus on the analytical usefulness and explanatory power of classic concepts of totalitarianism after having observed the failed reforms of the Gorbachev-era and the collapse of Europe's communist systems in 1989-91. In these contributions the totalitarian paradigm is contrasted with other approaches with respect to cognitive power as well as normative implications. In the second group of contributions the focus is on the reassessment of methodological and theoretical problems of the classic concepts of totalitarianism. The authors attempt to reinterpret the classic concepts so as to meet the objections which have been put forward against those concepts during the last decades. The study thereby traces some of the intellectual roots of the totalitarian paradigm that precede the outbreak of the Cold War, such as the work of Sigmund Neumann and Franz Borkenau. It also focuses on the most famous authors in the field: Hannah Arendt and Carl Joachim Friedrich. In addition it discusses theorists of totalitarianism like Juan Linz, whose contributions to totalitarianism theory have too often been overlooked.
The first full-scale analysis of the history of German reunification, with a particular emphasis on social policy, showing how the transfer of the West German social policy framework to the East intensified the crisis of the German welfare state.
Few countries have caused or experienced more calamities in the 20th century than Germany. The country emerged from the Cold War as a newly united and sovereign state, eventually becoming Europe's indispensable partner for all major domestic and foreign policy initiatives. This handbook provides a comprehensive overview of some of the major issues of German domestic politics, economics, foreign policy, and culture by leading experts in their respective fields. This book serves primarily as a reference work on Germany for scholars and an interested public, but through this broader lens it also provides a magnifying glass of global developments which are challenging and transforming the modern state. The growing importance of Germany as a political actor and economic partner makes this endeavor all the more timely and pertinent from a German, European, and global perspective.
This book explores the nature of the dramatic growth in a distinct sense of East German identity in the years since the events that led to formal unification in 1990. While it is problematic to see 'East Germanness' as a singular and homogenous identity, it can be perceived as a distinctive phenomenon and a level of identification that exists alongside local, regional and national identities. The essays in this volume hope to challenge the commonly held misconception that East German regional identity is a problem that needs to be overcome in the process of unification. Through analyses of the social, political and cultural behaviour of East Germans and their perception of their own place in German society, this volume makes a complex and nuanced contribution to discussions on German national identity and the unification process.
This text offers an interpretation of recent German economic performance, asking why the relationship between organized labour and employers, on which the German capitalist system depends, has begun to break down.
Political, social, and economic transformation is a complex historical phenomenon. It can adequately be analysed only by a multidisciplinary approach. The Handbook brings together an international team of scholars who are specialists in their respective research fields. It introduces the most important areas, theories, and methods in transformation research, with particular attention placed on the historical and comparative dimension. Although focussing on post-communist and other democratic transformations in our epoch, the Handbook therefore presents and discusses not only their problems, paths, and developments, but also deals with the antecedent 'waves', beginning with the Meiji Restoration in Japan in 1868 and its aftermath. The book is structured into six parts. Starting with basic concepts as systems, actors, and institutions (Section I), it gives an overview over major theoretical approaches and research methods (Sections II and III). The connection of theory and method with their application is essential, allowing special insights into the past and opens analytical avenues for transformation research in the future. Section (IV) provides a historically oriented description or interpretation of particular 'waves' or types of societal transformation. With a clear focus on present transformations, the contributions to Section V provide a description and discussion of the problems, structures, actors, and courses of the transformations within different spheres of (civil) society, politics, law, and economics. Finally, brief lexicographic entries in Section VI delineate research perspectives and facts about relevant issues of societal transformation. Each of the 79 contributions contains a concise list of the most important research literature.
This essential new book brings together world class scholars to provide a completely new comparative politics text. It offers a comprehensive reivew of the complete democratic process and provides a framework for measuring and evaluating contemporary democracy and democratic performance around the world.
This book analyzes the state of the bureaucracy in the eastern part of Germany prior to reunification and discusses changes that occurred after 1990. The contributors review the impact of these changes on the bureaucracy and other sectors of society where a new ethic seems to have emerged, guiding practitioners involved in restructuring East German institutions. Issues discussed include: the performance of the administrative structures, the transformation of the Eastern German university system, the various affirmative action policies implemented after 1990, compensation to victims of abuses by the former socialist regime, changes in public relations policy after 1990, and an ethic guiding the models of restructuring institutions for industrialized and developing countries.