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The book Effects and Implications of Pragmatic Competence for Enhancing EFL University Students Written Performance highlights the effects and implications of the Kurd EFL students lack of pragmatic competence on their written performance. It includes with the written performance of the students at the recognition level and the production level, and relies on the results achieved from its instruments: the students test, the students questionnaire, and the lecturers questionnaire. Depending on the results obtained from the tools, the study tries to identify and find out the sources of errors in the written performance of the Kurd EFL university students. The book hypothesizes that the inadequacy of the students written performance could be attributed to the curricula and/or the students dependence on the grammatical aspects of the foreign language neglecting the pragmatic and the socio-cultural dimensions. This gives turn to state that the students written performance is better at the recognition level than the production due to the negative interference of their mother tongue. The book concludes that Kurd EFL learners at the university level face serious difficulties when writing in English. The inappropriateness of their written performance can be attributed to the negative effects of their first language, lack of contact with English native speakers and culture as well as the limited opportunities to have been in English speaking communities. Therefore, for enhancing EFL university students written performance, it is recommended that they should be introduced to the English culture through adding pragmatics and English Culture as two separate subject matters to the curricula, and to arrange summer courses for the students in English speaking countries, UK and US in particular.
Master's Thesis from the year 2023 in the subject Didactics for the subject English - Pedagogy, Literature Studies, University of Algiers 2 (Tam High School), course: Linguistics, Pragmatics, language: English, abstract: The objectives of this dissertation are the following: Investigate the relationship between EFL learning and making linguistic inferences through pragmatic implicatures. Examine the effect of pragmatic implicatures on EFL learners’ linguistic inferences. Explain why students succeed or fail at making the correct linguistic inferences through pragmatic implicatures. Grice’s Implicature is a fundamental concept in Pragmatics in which the second participant infers the speaker's unstated meaning when producing a particular utterance within a general or specific context. Nonetheless, conversational participants, such as EFL learners, may fail to interpret the intended meaning of newly-inserted utterances in the EFL context. Therefore, the current dissertation highlights the effect of the Gricean Implicature, namely conversational implicature, on EFL learners' linguistic inferences in the EFL context. It hypothesizes that applying conversational implicatures in EFL classroom activities can enhance male and female EFL learners' linguistic inferences. It can also motivate them to interpret the implicit meaning behind the target utterances, reaching effective and successful communication. Besides, it attempts to explain why EFL learners succeed or fail at making the correct linguistic inferences of the target conversational implicatures. The researcher conducts quantitative and qualitative analyses to test and validate the dissertation's hypotheses. She collects data by directly observing students' performance, asking open-ended questions, and implementing a writing phase to push the students to act upon the target conversational implicatures, thus enhancing their linguistic inferences and maintaining effective communication during the English session
In the disciplines of applied linguistics and second language acquisition (SLA), the study of pragmatic competence has been driven by several fundamental questions: What does it mean to become pragmatically competent in a second language (L2)? How can we examine pragmatic competence to make inference of its development among L2 learners? In what ways do research findings inform teaching and assessment of pragmatic competence? This book explores these key issues in Japanese as a second/foreign language. The book has three sections. The first section offers a general overview and historical sketch of the study of Japanese pragmatics and its influence on Japanese pedagogy and curriculum. The overview chapter is followed by eight empirical findings, each dealing with phenomena that are significant in Japanese pragmatics. They target selected features of Japanese pragmatics and investigate the learners' use of them as an indicator of their pragmatic competence. The target pragmatic features are wide-ranging, among them honorifics, speech style, sentence final particles, speech acts of various types, and indirect expressions. Each study explicitly prompts the connection between pragmalinguistics (linguistic forms available to perform language functions) and sociopragmatics (norms that determine appropriate use of the forms) in Japanese. By documenting the understanding and use of them among learners of Japanese spanning multiple levels and time durations, this book offers insight about the nature and development of pragmatic competence, as well as implications for the learning and teaching of Japanese pragmatics. The last section presents a critical reflection on the eight empirical papers and prompts a discussion of the practice of Japanese pragmatics research.
This study sets out to examine the pragmatic competence of Cantonese adult learners of English possessing different levels of proficiency when performing the speech act of requesting for a formal purpose in writing. Pragmatic judgment - one of the two aspects of pragmatic competence - was examined by studying the most proficient group (i.e., native Cantonese-speaking EFL teachers at university), whereas pragmatic performance - the other aspect of pragmatic competence - was examined by studying the two weaker groups (i.e., university students at two language proficient levels). Both pragmatic judgment and pragmatic performance were examined by investigating the same four dependent variables (i.e., politeness, directness, formality and amount of information). Teacher data, collected through a Pragmatic Judgment Questionnaire completed and returned by sixteen EFL teachers (eight native Cantonese speakers and eight native English speakers) and by means of individual interviews, were analyzed quantitatively for responses to twelve questions and qualitatively for responses to an additional two questions. Student data, consisting of both experimental and authentic letters and e-mails, were analyzed quantitatively. -- Main research findings suggest: *It is possible for very proficient NNSs of English, (i.e., the EFL teachers in this study), to achieve native-like pragmatic judgments in most aspects, except for their views on several pragmatic considerations (i.e., "unnaturally polite" expressions, usefulness of "negative" words, supportive moves not to be used and writing plans preferred). *As the English proficiency of L2 learners improves from Grade E to Grade A/B (as determined by the Hong Kong A-level Examinations in the subject "Use of English"), their pragmatic performance shows improvement. -- For pedagogical reasons, a qualitative analysis was conducted for Questions 1 and 2 in order to generate examples of "unnaturally polite"/ "polite" / "impolite" expressions and to provide examples of inappropriate supportive moves in relation to three writing topics.
Enhancing Academic Writing and Engagement: ChatGPT Impact on EFL Indian Undergraduates
Essay from the year 2018 in the subject English Language and Literature Studies - Other, grade: 12, University of Newcastle, language: English, abstract: In recent years, a considerable scholarly literature has accumulated regarding the most effective techniques for EFL students to develop what is termed, 'pragmatic linguistic competency'. Because the concept of ‘pragmatic linguistic competency’ represents a notion that is somewhat obscurely defined as ‘the capacity to use English language appropriately in spontaneous speaking contexts', the latitude for ambivalent interpretation is more common than we believe it should be. Part of our purpose in this paper is to relieve at least some of the resultant ambiguity surrounding this definition by reconceptualising it in the context of the current pedagogic debate which differentiates two EFL approaches to pragmatic linguistic competency. Both heuristic approaches have come to feature prominently within this framework. These techniques or approaches have become known as ‘explicit’ and ‘implicit’ instructional pedagogies. We argue that the explicit pragmatic language acquisition process signifies learning environments in which the learner is introduced to a range of explicitly relevant rules. These rules are reckoned to be interpretively foundational to the form of linguistic constructions required, in the sense that these rules function as a coherent combinatory set. On the other hand, the heuristic of implicit pedagogy “makes no overt reference to rules or forms” (Doughty, 2007, p.265), but only to forms of speech that depend upon rule-governed pragmatics, whose logical structures are to be discovered as students manipulate them, more or less skillfully, during their actual participatory contributions to the conversational exchange. Our objective in this paper will be concerned to diminish the ambivalence which characterises the interpretation of pragmatic linguistic competency by providing a more comprehensive and coherent conceptual scheme for its linguistic deployment.
This Element introduces the areas that second language (L2) pragmatics research has investigated. It begins with a theme-based review of the field with respect to L2 pragmatics learning, teaching, and assessing. The section on pragmatics learning examines studies on learners' pragmatic production and perception, and analyzes research modalities in this field. The section on pragmatics teaching examines the effects of and different approaches to L2 pragmatics instruction; and the section on pragmatics assessing examines the aspects involved in testing learners' pragmatic competence, and studies on issues related to validity and rating in pragmatics assessing. The Element then analyzes studies exploring learners' cognitive processes during pragmatic performance, and case studies are provided to showcase two ongoing projects, one investigating advanced learners' self-praise on social media and the other investigating lingua franca pragmatics among children. Finally, the Element offers some topics and questions for future research in L2 pragmatics.
Speech acts are an important and integral part of day-to-day life in all languages. In language acquisition, the need to teach speech acts in a target language has been demonstrated in studies conducted in the field of interlanguage pragmatics which indicate that the performance of speech acts may differ considerably from culture to culture, thus creating communication difficulties in cross-cultural encounters. Considering these concerns, the aim of this volume is two-fold: to deal with those theoretical approaches that inform the process of learning speech acts in particular contextual and cultural settings; and, secondly, to present a variety of methodological proposals, grounded on research-based ideas, for the teaching of the major speech acts in second/foreign language classrooms. This volume is a valuable theoretical and practical resource not only for researchers, teachers and students interested in speech act learning/teaching but also for textbook writers wishing to have an informed opinion on the pedagogical implications derived from research on speech act performance.
This state-of-the-art volume offers a comprehensive and accessible examination of perspectives within the field of discourse analysis on the processes and conditions of second language learning, teaching, and use. Led by Brian Paltridge and Matthew T. Prior, this collection brings together leading global researchers in the field to guide readers through background theories, theoretical paradigms, methodological issues, and pedagogical implications by synthesizing current and past work, and setting a future agenda for discourse-oriented second language research. The book is a critical resource which will be indispensable for scholars and advanced students of applied linguistics, second language acquisition, education, and related fields.
A comprehensive, current review of the research and approaches to advanced proficiency in second language acquisition The Handbook of Advanced Proficiency in Second Language Acquisition offers an overview of the most recent and scientific-based research concerning higher proficiency in second language acquisition (SLA). With contributions from an international team of experts in the field, the Handbook presents several theoretical approaches to SLA and offers an examination of advanced proficiency from the viewpoint of various contexts and dimensions of second language performance. The authors also review linguistic phenomena among advanced learners through the lens of phonology and grammar development. Comprehensive in scope, this book provides an overview of advanced proficiency grounded in socially-relevant domains of second language acquisition including discourse, reading, genre-based writing, and pragmatic competence. The authoritative volume brings together the theoretical accounts of advanced language use combined with solid empirical research. Includes contributions from an international collection of noted scholars in the field of second language acquisition Offers a variety of theoretical approaches to SLA Contains information on the most recent empirical research that contributes to an understanding of SLA Describes performance phenomena according to multiple approaches to SLA Written for scholars, students and linguists, The Handbook of Advanced Proficiency in Second Language Acquisition is a comprehensive text that offers the most recent developments in the study of advanced proficiency in the acquisition of a second language.