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Get a complete look into modern traffic engineering solutions Traffic Engineering Handbook, Seventh Edition is a newly revised text that builds upon the reputation as the go-to source of essential traffic engineering solutions that this book has maintained for the past 70 years. The updated content reflects changes in key industry standards, and shines a spotlight on the needs of all users, the design of context-sensitive roadways, and the development of more sustainable transportation solutions. Additionally, this resource features a new organizational structure that promotes a more functionally-driven, multimodal approach to planning, designing, and implementing transportation solutions. A branch of civil engineering, traffic engineering concerns the safe and efficient movement of people and goods along roadways. Traffic flow, road geometry, sidewalks, crosswalks, cycle facilities, shared lane markings, traffic signs, traffic lights, and more—all of these elements must be considered when designing public and private sector transportation solutions. Explore the fundamental concepts of traffic engineering as they relate to operation, design, and management Access updated content that reflects changes in key industry-leading resources, such as the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM), Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (MUTCD), AASSHTO Policy on Geometric Design, Highway Safety Manual (HSM), and Americans with Disabilities Act Understand the current state of the traffic engineering field Leverage revised information that homes in on the key topics most relevant to traffic engineering in today's world, such as context-sensitive roadways and sustainable transportation solutions Traffic Engineering Handbook, Seventh Edition is an essential text for public and private sector transportation practitioners, transportation decision makers, public officials, and even upper-level undergraduate and graduate students who are studying transportation engineering.
This report serves as a comprehensive guide to traffic signal timing and documents the tasks completed in association with its development. The focus of this document is on traffic signal control principles, practices, and procedures. It describes the relationship between traffic signal timing and transportation policy and addresses maintenance and operations of traffic signals. It represents a synthesis of traffic signal timing concepts and their application and focuses on the use of detection, related timing parameters, and resulting effects to users at the intersection. It discusses advanced topics briefly to raise awareness related to their use and application. The purpose of the Signal Timing Manual is to provide direction and guidance to managers, supervisors, and practitioners based on sound practice to proactively and comprehensively improve signal timing. The outcome of properly training staff and proactively operating and maintaining traffic signals is signal timing that reduces congestion and fuel consumption ultimately improving our quality of life and the air we breathe. This manual provides an easy-to-use concise, practical and modular guide on signal timing. The elements of signal timing from policy and funding considerations to timing plan development, assessment, and maintenance are covered in the manual. The manual is the culmination of research into practices across North America and serves as a reference for a range of practitioners, from those involved in the day to day management, operation and maintenance of traffic signals to those that plan, design, operate and maintain these systems.
The Commonwealth of Virginia implemented the sign permissive or "eastern" rule permitting right turns on red traffic signals where designated by sign in 1972. In 1975, as a result of the growing national trend toward employing the general permissive or "western" rule (right turn on red permitted except where prohibited by sign) and in the interests of motor fuel economy, the Virginia General Assembly directed the Department of Highways and Transportation and the Highway Safety Division to study right turn on red (RTOR) to determine whether Virginia's sign permissive law "should be retained, rescinded, or amended." The scope of this study included a survey of the literature, a survey questionnaire of Virginia traffic engineers, a telephone survey of traffic engineers in other states, field studies of vehicle delay times and traffic conflicts at 20 selected intersections in Virginia and North Carolina, and an analysis of traffic crashes at 20 intersections in Virginia before and after RTOR was permitted. The results of this study reveal that right turn on red signals can enable motorists to effect substantial savings in time and concomitant savings in gasoline by reducing the vehicle idling time at intersections. The average saving for right turning delayed vehicles was found to be 14 seconds. Since the general permissive rule for RTOR allows the maneuver at a greater percentage of approach legs than does the sign permissive rule, time and energy savings have been estimated to be greater statewide under the general permissive rule. Estimated savings in gasoline under the general permissive rule would be over three million gallons annually. No significant increase in traffic crashes was found in Virginia and no increase would be expected with the general permissive rule, as none has been experienced in any other state with either the general permissive or the sign permissive rule. Moreover, study data reveal that traffic conflicts and thereby crash potential are actually reduced under RTOR, and that crashes which do occur because of RTOR are generally not severe. When the total impact of RTOR was considered, the evidence was found to support the recommendation that Virginia implement the general permissive rule for right turn on red.