Download Free Effect Of Peer Mediated Interventions On The Social Interactions Of Peers And Students With Autism Book in PDF and EPUB Free Download. You can read online Effect Of Peer Mediated Interventions On The Social Interactions Of Peers And Students With Autism and write the review.

"Social impairment and difficulty with social reciprocity--or understanding the back-and-forth nature of social interactions--is one of the defining characteristics of autism spectrum disorders. Peer-mediated interventions can address these concerns by teaching children with autism new social skills and increasing social opportunities within natural environments. Peer-mediated interventions are designed to teach typically developing peers ways of successfully engaging children with autism in positive social interactions. Socially competent peers can model and reinforce appropriate social behavior. The purpose of this literature review was to discover the effects of peer-mediated interventions on the social interaction of children with autism. Several studies have been reviewed which demonstrate that peer-mediated interventions can lead to substantial improvements in the social interactions of children with autism."--leaf 3.
An important component of Division TEACCH's mandate from the Department of Psychiatry of the University of North Carolina School of Medicine and the North Carolina State Legislature is to conduct research aimed toward improving the understanding of developmental disabilities such as autism and to train the professionals who will be needed to work with this challenging population. An important mechanism to help meet these goals is our annual conference on topics of special importance for the understanding and treatment of autism and related disorders. As with the preceding books in this series entitled Current Issues in Autism, this most recent volume is based on one of these conferences. The books are not, however, simply published proceedings of conference papers. Instead, cer tain conference participants were asked to develop chapters around their pres entations, and other national and intemational experts whose work is beyond the scope of the conference but related to the conference theme were asked to contribute manuscripts as weil. These volumes are intended to provide the most current knowledge and professional practice available to us at this time.
Although there is a push to include students with autism spectrum disorders in the general academic context, students with autism are often not fully included in the social environment of schools. Even when students with autism are in the same settings as their typically developing peers, they often have few social interactions with their peers (e.g., Carter, Hughes, Guth, & Copeland, 2005). One reason for the dearth of social interactions that students with autism have during the school day may be related to deficits in social skills which can interfere with interactions with peers. Peer networks, a type of peer-mediated intervention, have been shown to be effective in increasing the social contacts and relationships of students with disabilities. In peer networks, gains in social interactions are accomplished by providing training to general education peers who compromise a social network for the student with a disability (SWD) outside of the classroom setting. However, the literature on peer networks varies as to if specific social skills training for the SWD is included and often does not fully examine specific or even general social skills deficits of the SWD. This study examined the effectiveness of a peer network plus intervention which incorporated an explicit social skills training component within a peer network framework. Four participants with an educational diagnosis of autism participated in a 10 week peer network intervention. A social skills training component was added to the peer network systematically. The purpose of this study was to examine the effectiveness of the peer network plus intervention for (a) enhancing targeted social skills of the students with autism, (b) enhancing broader social skills as measured by multiple social skill and adaptive questionnaires, and (c) increasing the number of social contacts, friendships, and interactions students with autism have in high schools. In addition, the social validity of this intervention was measured in order to determine the feasibility and acceptability for use in schools and by school personnel. Finally, the study examined the sensitivity of the Autism Social Skills Profile (ASSP, Bellini & Hopf, 2007) for use as a progress monitoring tool with these interventions. Using a multiple baseline across participants design, this study demonstrated that the social skills component of the peer network plus intervention was effective at improving the targeted social skills of all four participants. Two independent coders found Strong Overall Evidence for improvements in social skills when the social skills component was added for each participant. There was Moderate Overall Evidence for the impact of the social skills training component on the number of interactions students with autism had with their peers during the network meetings. Students with autism, peers without disabilities, and school staff interventionists all rated the intervention favorably. The ASSP was not consistently sensitive enough to detect improvements in social skills for all participants. Implications of the study, as well as limitations and directions for future research, are discussed.
With this proven approach based on of 20 years of research, educators and therapists will use natural learning opportunities to help children with autism enjoy more positive interactions, more effective communication, and higher academic achievement.
The PEERS® Curriculum for School-Based Professionals brings UCLA's highly acclaimed and widely popular PEERS program into the school setting. This sixteen-week program, clinically proven to significantly improve social skills and social interactions among teens with autism spectrum disorder, is now customized for the needs of psychologists, counselors, speech pathologists, administrators, and teachers. The manual is broken down into clearly divided lesson plans, each of which have concrete rules and steps, corresponding homework assignments, plans for review, and unique, fun activities to ensure that teens are comfortable incorporating what they've learned. The curriculum also includes parent handouts, tips for preparing for each lesson, strategies for overcoming potential pitfalls, and the research underlying this transformative program.
Peer-mediated PRT is a promising approach for increasing interactions between students with disabilities and their peers on the playground, but there is scant evidence specific to students with severe disabilities (Harper et al., 2008). Furthermore, peer-mediated intervention alone has had limited impact on the social skills of students with severe disabilities on the playground, and researchers have recommended that it be paired with student-focused social skills instruction to accomplish this goal (Brock et al., 2018). In this study, we used a multiple probe across participants design to evaluate the effectiveness of a two-part teacher-implemented intervention (i.e., peer-mediated PRT paired with individualized video modeling on social skills) on social outcomes for three elementary students with severe disabilities at recess. The intervention involved recruiting peers, sharing practical background information and modeling how to interact with students at recess, teaching a prosocial goal to students with severe disabilities using video-models, and then providing support as needed. A functional relation was found between the intervention package and increases in (a) social interactions, (b) appropriate peer play, and (c) behavior associated with individualized prosocial goals. This study builds on the peer network literature by demonstrating how this approach can be tailored for elementary students with severe disabilities. It also builds on the peer network literature by adding the element of video-models to teach individual prosocial goals to students with severe during recess to further increase social interactions, appropriate peer play, and individualized prosocial goals at recess.
Scripting is a teaching method designed to help children and adults with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), who are nonverbal or who are verbal but dont initiate conversation, to initiate conversation. The authors draw on years of experience using scripts in their own clinic, and include many case studies that show how scripts have worked. The book defines scripts as an audiotape or written word, phrase, or sentence that enables young people with autism to use speech to start and continue conversations. At first a child is taught to play the recording of a word for an adult, and then get a reaction from the adult. (e.g., if he plays the script juice, the adult will give him a sip of juice or if he plays the script ball, the adult will play ball with him). Later on, the child is taught to play the script and then say the word himself (and get the reward from the adult). As the child becomes better at talking, scripts are lengthened to become phrases --want juice or play ball --- and then sentences. And once the child can read, scripts are written instead of recorded. As the child masters sets of scripts, the adult begins to diminish (fade) the prompts. If the script was recorded, words are gradually deleted from the recording. (e.g., if the script started out saying, Where is mom? they will re-record it so it just says Where is and then Where ---? At this point, the child should fill in the blanks.
"This volume includes a variety of intervention strategies utilizing peers as change agents in school-based interventions. The book presents an updated conceptualization of PMIs, including peer-mediated academic interventions, peer-mediated behavioral interventions, and peer-mediated group supports. Each section includes a chapter describing the research supporting each type of PMI, as well as practical chapters detailing the use of different strategies. The practical chapters describe the common procedures involved in each PMI, recommendations for successful implementation with an equity lens in applied settings, and practical resources such as implementation scripts"--