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This paper covers the effect of both the pellet and flake forms of calcium chloride as admixtures on the following properties of Portland-cement concrete (with and without an air-entraining admixture): (1) compressive strength at 1, 3, 7, 28, and 90 days, (2) modulus of rupture at the ages listed, (3) modulus of elasticity (sonic) at the ages listed, (4) entrained-air content of fresh concrete as a measure of consistency. In addition, a short investigation was made on the relative effects of water and moist curing.
Since the publication of the first edition ten years ago, significant developments have occurred in the use of admixtures in concrete. Eight new chapters and a full update of the preceding ten chapters bring this book up to date; reflecting the relative advances made in the science and technology of different groups of admixtures. The increased role and development of admixtures in concrete technology is evidenced by a number of conferences, publications, and novel admixtures available in the market place. These developments in the field caused the modification of many chapters in the first edition in order to reflect the advances. Although individual chapters refer to standards and specifications of admixtures, those only interested in the standards or techniques used in investigating admixtures will find the second chapter (Research Technologies, Standards, and Specifications) useful. Admixtures are not as inert as may be presumed. They may chemically interact with the constituents of concrete and affect the properties of the fresh and hardened concrete and its durability. The third chapter deals with these aspects. It was important to devote a chapter to recent attempts in developing new admixtures.
Includes the institute's Proceedings, v. 9-11, 26- (issued also separately), and the ACI news letter (title varies slightly).