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Against a backdrop of increasing emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) that are responsible for global climate change, the South Asia developing member countries (DMCs) of the Asian Development Bank have been witnessing a steady rise in fossil fuels and energy consumption and demand, keeping pace with their economic growth. The region's major challenge is how to achieve sustained and rapid economic growth for reducing poverty while reducing the overall intensity of energy use, increasing energy efficiency, and substituting to cleaner energy. This report synthesizes the results of national studies on options and costs of reducing GHG emissions in five South Asia DMCs---Bangladesh, Bhutan, the Maldives, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. It examines the economics of cleaner technologies that promote low-carbon development and climate change mitigation, identifies constraints and barriers that reduce incentives to invest in GHG emission-reducing technologies, and recommends actions and enabling conditions to overcome the barriers.
Against a backdrop of increasing emission of greenhouse gases (GHGs) that are responsible for global climate change, the South Asia developing member countries (DMCs) of the Asian Development Bank have been witnessing a steady rise in fossil fuels and energy consumption and demand, keeping pace with their economic growth. The region's major challenge is how to achieve sustained and rapid economic growth for reducing poverty while reducing the overall intensity of energy use, increasing energy efficiency, and substituting to cleaner energy. This report synthesizes the results of national studies on options and costs of reducing GHG emissions in five South Asia DMCs---Bangladesh, Bhutan, the Maldives, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. It examines the economics of cleaner technologies that promote low-carbon development and climate change mitigation, identifies constraints and barriers that reduce incentives to invest in GHG emission-reducing technologies, and recommends actions and enabling conditions to overcome the barriers.
This publication reviews the economics of climate change in Southeast Asia, with a particular focus on Indonesia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, and Viet Nam. It confirms that the region is highly vulnerable to climate change, demonstrates that a wide range of adaptation measures are already being applied, and that it has great potential to contribute to the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions globally. It shows that the cost to the region and globally of taking no early action against climate change far outweighs the cost of action. The publication urges Southeast Asia to play an important part in working toward a global solution to climate change, and to apply all feasible and economically viable adaptation and mitigation measures as key elements of poverty reduction and sustainable development strategies. It also argues that the current global economic crisis offers Southeast Asia an opportunity to start a transition towards a climate-resilient and low-carbon economy by introducing green stimulus programs that can simultaneously shore up economies, create jobs, reduce poverty, lower carbon emissions, and prepare for the worst effects of climate change.
Climate change is a global concern of special relevance to Southeast Asia, a region that is both vulnerable to the effects of climate change and a rapidly increasing emitter of greenhouse gases (GHGs). This study focuses on five countries of Southeast Asia that collectively account for 90% of regional GHG emissions in recent years---Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Thailand, and Viet Nam. It applies two global dynamic economy–energy–environment models under an array of scenarios that reflect potential regimes for regulating global GHG emissions through 2050. The modeling identifies the potential economic costs of climate inaction for the region, how the countries can most efficiently achieve GHG emission mitigation, and the consequences of mitigation, both in terms of benefits and costs. Drawing on the modeling results, the study analyzes climate-related policies and identifies how further action can be taken to ensure low-carbon growth.
Ecological complexity and diverse ecosystems give Central and West Asia rich natural resources and hydrocarbon reserves. Countries in this region are exposed to climate change risks, and there is growing recognition that their carbon-intensive economies necessitate greenhouse gas mitigation. This report assesses the costs, benefits, and investment opportunities for greenhouse gas reduction in the energy and transport sectors of Azerbaijan, Kazakhstan, and Uzbekistan, and discusses indirect benefits of such reduction to human health and energy security. It gives policymakers, practitioners, and academics an overview of policy measures and technologies available for emission reduction, as well as scenarios of future emission trajectories in the three countries.
This report synthesizes the results of country and sector studies on the economic costs and benefits of unilateral and regional actions on climate change in the Asian Development Bank's six South Asia developing members, namely Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, the Maldives, Nepal, and Sri Lanka. The study takes into account the different scenarios and impacts projected across vulnerable sectors and estimates the total economic loss throughout the 21st century and amount of funding required for adaptation measures to avert such potential losses. It is envisioned to strengthen decision-making capacities and improve understanding of the economics of climate change for the countries in South Asia.
Focusing on S.E. Asia, the economics of climate change and the relationship between climate change and economic development, this book examines the region's vulnerability to the impact of climate change, forecasts environmental and economic outcomes and opportunities these factors provide for policy actions towards alleviating this vulnerability.
"Publication stock no. RPT125169-2"--Verso of title page.
South Asia is particularly vulnerable to climate change. Most previous studies have focused on the projected impacts of sea-level rise or extreme weather - droughts, floods, heatwaves and storm surges. This study adds to that knowledge by identifying the impacts of long-term changes in the climate †“ rising temperatures and changes in precipitation patterns †“ on living standards. It does so by first building an understanding of the relationship between current climate conditions and living standards across South Asia. The study also identifies the set of climate models that are best suited for projecting long-term changes in climate across South Asia. This novel understanding of living standards and climate change is then combined to project impacts of long-term changes in climate on living standards in South Asia. The study finds that higher temperatures will reduce living standards for most of South Asia, with the severity impacts depending on future global greenhouse gas emissions. The study projects “hotspots†?, which are locations where long-term changes in climate will have negative impacts on living standards. Many hotspots are in locations that hitherto have not been identified as particularly vulnerable to climate change. Moreover, hotspots have distinguishing features that vary from country to country. This detailed assessment provides a mosaic of information that enriches our understanding of how climate change will impact people and which populations are most vulnerable. The report also provides guidance on the kinds of actions are most likely to reduce impacts of climate change in each country. The study is a major contribution to our understanding of how increasing temperatures and changing precipitation patterns interact with social and economic structures at a fine granular level across South Asia.