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Focusing on the period between the 1970s and the present, Life as Surplus is a pointed and important study of the relationship between politics, economics, science, and cultural values in the United States today. Melinda Cooper demonstrates that the history of biotechnology cannot be understood without taking into account the simultaneous rise of neoliberalism as a political force and an economic policy. From the development of recombinant DNA technology in the 1970s to the second Bush administration's policies on stem cell research, Cooper connects the utopian polemic of free-market capitalism with growing internal contradictions of the commercialized life sciences. The biotech revolution relocated economic production at the genetic, microbial, and cellular level. Taking as her point of departure the assumption that life has been drawn into the circuits of value creation, Cooper underscores the relations between scientific, economic, political, and social practices. In penetrating analyses of Reagan-era science policy, the militarization of the life sciences, HIV politics, pharmaceutical imperialism, tissue engineering, stem cell science, and the pro-life movement, the author examines the speculative impulses that have animated the growth of the bioeconomy. At the very core of the new post-industrial economy is the transformation of biological life into surplus value. Life as Surplus offers a clear assessment of both the transformative, therapeutic dimensions of the contemporary life sciences and the violence, obligation, and debt servitude crystallizing around the emerging bioeconomy.
What is Economic Surplus In conventional economics, the term "economic surplus," which is often referred to as "total welfare," "total social welfare," or "Maryland surplus," refers to one of two values that are related to one another:Consumer surplus, also known as consumers' surplus, refers to the monetary benefit that consumers acquire as a result of being able to purchase a product at a price that is lower than the highest price that they would be willing to pay for that commodity.The amount of money that producers make when they sell their goods at a market price that is greater than the lowest price at which they would be willing to sell them is known as the producer surplus, sometimes known as the producers' surplus. This amount is essentially equivalent to the term "profit." How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Economic surplus Chapter 2: Monopoly Chapter 3: Perfect competition Chapter 4: Supply and demand Chapter 5: Effect of taxes and subsidies on price Chapter 6: Deadweight loss Chapter 7: Price discrimination Chapter 8: Profit maximization Chapter 9: Elasticity (economics) Chapter 10: Economic equilibrium Chapter 11: Allocative efficiency Chapter 12: Price elasticity of supply Chapter 13: Demand curve Chapter 14: Marginal revenue Chapter 15: Price floor Chapter 16: Tax wedge Chapter 17: Tax incidence Chapter 18: Demand Chapter 19: Supply (economics) Chapter 20: Excess supply Chapter 21: Cost-of-living index (II) Answering the public top questions about economic surplus. (III) Real world examples for the usage of economic surplus in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Economic Surplus.
Explores the role of risk and uncertainty in human economics within an interdisciplinary an cross-cultural framework.
Part action novel, part literary novel, part guidebook to economics, The Economics of Ego Surplus is the story of college instructor Kyle Linwood. Anticipating a relaxing summer with his girlfriend and his PhD dissertation, he gets recruited by the FBI to help with an obscure case of terrorist internet "chatter," which explodes into a shocking, mysterious assault on U.S. financial markets. As the economy melts down and a nation panics, Kyle follows a trail of clues from Dallas to New York City to Dubai, United Arab Emirates. In his quest to discover the truth, he will be forced to confront the assumptions underlying his education as well as his life. But will it be enough to save America from the most brilliant terrorist plot ever conceived?
This book studies past economics from anthropological, archaeological, historical and sociological perspectives. By analyzing archeological and other evidence, it examines economic behavior and institutions in ancient societies. Adopting an interdisciplinary perspective, it critically discusses dominant economic models that have influenced the study of past economic relations in various disciplines, while at the same time highlighting alternative theoretical trajectories. In this regard, the book’s goal is not only to test theoretical models under scrutiny, but also to present evidence against the rationalization of past economic behavior according to the rules of modern markets. The contributing authors cover various topics, such as trade in the classical Greek world, concepts of commodity and value, and management of economic affluence.
In this book, János Kornai examines capitalism as an economic system and in comparison to socialism. The two essays of this book will explore these differing ideologies on macro and micro levels, ending with definitive explanations of how the systems work and how they develop.
What is the role of agricultural surplus in financing industrialization? What are the implications of different trade and industrial policies for agricultural development? What are the respective roles of allocative efficiency and production efficiency in the process of development? These and other questions are discussed in this book. The author argues that productivity gains through better resource utilization within sectors may be more crucial in the long run than efficient allocation of resources between sectors. He supports this with an analysis of the interaction between industry and agriculture in the development of China, India, Iran, Japan, and Taiwan.
Revolutionary advances in biomedical research and information systems technology pose new and difficult issues for American health care policy, especially in the context of managed care. Health Care Policy in an Age of New Technologies takes on this challenging array of issues, where the dignity of individual life meets the imperatives of the national-level health care system: the right to die, rationing of care, organ transplants, experiments with human embryos, genetic research, confidentiality of medical records, and other ethical dilemmas. Chapters on a patient's bill of rights, and on medical education and physician training, link the book to policy issues of direct concern to the public and practitioners. Throughout the book, the authors place critical questions in their political, legal, social, economic, and ethical context. Each chapter ends with discussion points, and a multimedia bibliography directs readers to relevant films, documentaries, and case studies.
First published in 1990, this is an analysis of the history of western economics from Petty to Supply-Side, through the prism of the controversies over productive labour and its product. It treats the early economists’ "productive-unproductive" dichotomies as shorthands for many other sets of distinctions relevant for boundaries, value and welfare. Central to the debates is the question of whether the economy is said to generate a ‘surplus’. Economists and politicians with views on these matters include the Physiocrats, Smith and Ricardo, Marx and his Soviet and western admirers, the marginalists, Keynes, Polanyi, Becker, and Reagan. The book maps the shifting emphases that economists and social thinkers have placed on markets and ‘mode’ of production generally. This reissue will be useful to students of economic thought, welfare theory and policy, growth economics and economic systems.