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This report has been prepared by the London Environmental Economics Centre (LEEC). LEEC is a joint venture, established in 1988, by the International Institute for Environment and Development (IIED) and the department of Economics of University College London (UCL). Popularly known as The Pearce Report, this book is a report prepared for the Department of the Environment. It demonstrates the ways in which elements in our environment at present under threat from many forms of pollution can be costed. The book goes on to show ways in which governments are able, as a consequence of this analysis, to construct systems of taxation which would both reduce pollution by making it too costly and generate revenue for cleaning up much of the damage. The book ends with a series of skeleton programmes for progress.
Endogenous development, where based on local human and natural resources, is becoming an increasingly fashionable alternative approach in European policy circles, notably through the European Union's LEADER programme. Some regional administrations are indeed starting to capatilise on these resources. This is the case in the Contraviesa, a mountainous region in southern Spain. This paper describes how, despite government intentions to develop the diversity and distinctiveness on offer in the region, its biased understanding of local people's livelihood strategies has meant that the approach is not working as well as it might. The paper analyses some of the reasons for this, giving many examples of how government relations and EU subsidies can diminish, rather than enhance, local sustainability and diversity
The fifth edition of The Process of Economic Development offers a thorough and up-to-date treatment of development economics. It has been extensively revised throughout, reflecting the most recent developments in research and incorporating the latest empirical data, as well as key theoretical advances and many new topics. The world has seen vast economic growth in China, economic transformation in India, new challenges in Latin America, rapid economic progress in Southeast Asia, and the deepening impact of environmental issues such as climate change. This new edition addresses all these critical issues as well as the pivotal role of the state, where China’s capacity is contrasted with that of African states. Transnational corporations’ reliance on low-wage manufacturing and labor arbitrage is featured in the book. Agricultural policy—extensively explored—remains crucial, as does the promotion of industrialization. This fifth edition offers a ‘state-of-the-art’ analysis of these essential themes and many others. Numerous case studies and issue focuses have been integrated with sundry central topics. Neoclassical theories and applications, including a timely exploration of behavioral economics, are both rigorously and accessibly explicated. Cypher’s comprehensive account remains the development economics text par excellence, as it takes a much more practical, hands-on view of the issues facing the developing countries than other, overly mathematical texts. This book is unique in its scope and in the detailed attention it gives to a vast range of ideas, including pioneering developmentalist and heterodox formulations. Distinct institutional structures are examined within their historical contexts. This landmark text will continue to be an invaluable resource for students, teachers, and researchers in the fields of development economics and development studies.
Jan Pronk The role of institutions in economic development has been debated at length. It is a major chapter in the history of economic thought. It was also a key - sue in comparisons of the effectiveness of Eastern and Western economic systems. Understanding the variety of social and cultural institutions has - ways been crucial in analysing development processes in Africa, Asia, the Middle East and Latin America. Less attention has been given to institutions in studies of the economic performance of Western countries. This may be because economic policies in the West were mostly oriented to the short and medium terms rather than to the long-term perspective. In the short run ins- tutions are given, in the long run they lend themselves for change. From the outset, economic institutions (e.g. markets, enterprises) and their underlying values (e.g. efficiency, economicfreedom) received much - tention. Similar attention was given to political institutions (the state, government, the law) and values (democracy, accountability, human rights). Thought also turned to social institutions (entrepreneurship, the middle class, the family household, land-tenure systems) and social values (tradition, gender and age relations, justice). Studies soon followed of cultural insti- tions (religion, ethnicity) and values (material consumerism or the bond between man and nature). Without the insight gained by studying insti- tions, economics would have become a dull discipline.
This collection of essays from eminent scholars discusses different phases and measures of economic development, evaluating the success of national economic transitions and providing valuable policy lessons for developing economies.
This core textbook is the definitive overview of the Japanese economy. It charts its history from the period before the Meiji restoration and its astonishing growth throughout the twentieth century before conducting a thorough analysis of the contemporary scene and the implications of the ongoing financial crisis.Written by a leading authority in t
Smarten Up is a guide for communities who need to understand how to take advantage of the new online economy. It provides the reader with a clearer understanding of telecommunication infrastructure, online applications, strategies for implementation, and the regulatory environment. It is a guide written in easy to understand terminology for new leaders of telecommunication or networking projects, municipal councils, stakeholders in the education and healthcare fields, economic development practitioners, libraries, social service organizations, or students of community development strategic planning. Smarten Up explains how communities can create partnerships between public and private sector organizations to improve local or regional telecommunication infrastructure, develop new online applications that can improve quality of life and create synergy between organizations, and develop a business plan for creating a smart community.