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Health monitoring of civil structures (HMS) is a new discipline, which contributes to successful and on time detection of damages to structures. This book is a collection of chapters on different topics written by leading scientists in the field. It is primarily focused on the latest achievements in monitoring the earthquake effect upon the health of civil structures. The first chapter of the book deals with the geotechnical and structural aspects of the 2010-2011 Christchurch earthquakes. Further chapters are dedicated to the latest HMS techniques of identification of damage to structures caused by earthquakes. Real time damage detection as well as sensors and acquisition systems used for that purpose are presented. The attention is focused on automated modal analysis, dynamic artificial neural networks and wavelet techniques used in HMS. Particular emphasis is put on wireless sensors and piezo-impendance transducers used for evaluation of seismically induced structural damage. The discussion is followed by presentation of case studies of application of health monitoring for buildings and other civil structures, including a super tall structure. The book ends with a presentation of shaking table tests on physical models for the purpose of monitoring their behaviour under earthquake excitation. Audience The book is primarily intended for engineers and scientists working in the field of application of the HMS technique in earthquake engineering. Considering that real time health monitoring of structures represents a sophisticated approach applying the latest techniques of monitoring of structures, many experts from other industries will also find this book useful.
This book includes a collection of state-of-the-art contributions addressing both theoretical developments in, and successful applications of, seismic structural health monitoring (S2HM). Over the past few decades, Seismic SHM has expanded considerably, due to the growing demand among various stakeholders (owners, managers and engineering professionals) and researchers. The discipline has matured in the process, as can be seen by the number of S2HM systems currently installed worldwide. Furthermore, the responses recorded by S2HM systems hold great potential, both with regard to the management of emergency situations and to ordinary maintenance needs. The book’s 17 chapters, prepared by leading international experts, are divided into four major sections. The first comprises six chapters describing the specific requirements of S2HM systems for different types of civil structures and infrastructures (buildings, bridges, cultural heritage, dams, structures with base isolation devices) and for monitoring different phenomena (e.g. soil-structure interaction and excessive drift). The second section describes available methods and computational tools for data processing, while the third is dedicated to hardware and software tools for S2HM. In the book’s closing section, five chapters report on state-of-the-art applications of S2HM around the world.
This book features chapters based on selected presentations from the International Congress on Advanced Earthquake Resistance of Structures, AERS2016, held in Samsun, Turkey, from 24 to 28 October 2016. It covers the latest advances in three widely popular research areas in Earthquake Engineering: Performance-Based Seismic Design, Seismic Isolation Systems, and Structural Health Monitoring. The book shows the vulnerability of high-rise and seismically isolated buildings to long periods of strong ground motions, and proposes new passive and semi-active structural seismic isolation systems to protect against such effects. These systems are validated through real-time hybrid tests on shaking tables. Structural health monitoring systems provide rapid assessment of structural safety after an earthquake and allow preventive measures to be taken, such as shutting down the elevators and gas lines, before damage occurs. Using the vibration data from instrumented tall buildings, the book demonstrates that large, distant earthquakes and surface waves, which are not accounted for in most attenuation equations, can cause long-duration shaking and damage in tall buildings. The overview of the current performance-based design methodologies includes discussions on the design of tall buildings and the reasons common prescriptive code provisions are not sufficient to address the requirements of tall-building design. In addition, the book explains the modelling and acceptance criteria associated with various performance-based design guidelines, and discusses issues such as selection and scaling of ground motion records, soil-foundation-structure interaction, and seismic instrumentation and peer review needs. The book is of interest to a wide range of professionals in earthquake engineering, including designers, researchers, and graduate students.
A critical review of key developments and latest advances in Structural Health Monitoring technologies applied to civil engineering structures, covering all aspects required for practical application Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) provides the facilities for in-service monitoring of structural performance and damage assessment, and is a key element of condition based maintenance and damage prognosis. This comprehensive book brings readers up to date on the most important changes and advancements in the structural health monitoring technologies applied to civil engineering structures. It covers all aspects required for such monitoring in the field, including sensors and networks, data acquisition and processing, damage detection techniques and damage prognostics techniques. The book also includes a number of case studies showing how the techniques can be applied in the development of sustainable and resilient civil infrastructure systems. Structural Health Monitoring of Large Civil Engineering Structures offers in-depth chapter coverage of: Sensors and Sensing Technology for Structural Monitoring; Data Acquisition, Transmission, and Management; Structural Damage Identification Techniques; Modal Analysis of Civil Engineering Structures; Finite Element Model Updating; Vibration Based Damage Identification Methods; Model Based Damage Assessment Methods; Monitoring Based Reliability Analysis and Damage Prognosis; and Applications of SHM Strategies to Large Civil Structures. Presents state-of-the-art SHM technologies allowing asset managers to evaluate structural performance and make rational decisions Covers all aspects required for the practical application of SHM Includes case studies that show how the techniques can be applied in practice Structural Health Monitoring of Large Civil Engineering Structures is an ideal book for practicing civil engineers, academics and postgraduate students studying civil and structural engineering.
Civil infrastructure systems are generally the most expensive assets in any country, and these systems are deteriorating at an alarming rate. In addition, these systems have a long service life in comparison to most other commercial products. As well, the introduction of intelligent materials and innovative design approaches in these systems is painfully slow due to heavy relianceon traditional construction and maintenance practices, and the conservative nature of design codes. Feedback on the "state of the health" of constructed systems is practically nonexistent. In the quest for lighter, stronger and corrosion-resistant structures, the replacement of ferrous materials by high-strength fibrous ones is being actively pursued in several countries around the world, both with respect to the design of new structures as well as for the rehabilitation and strengthening of existing ones. In North America, active research in the design of new highway bridges is focused on a number of specialty areas, including the replacement of steel reinforcing bars in concrete deck slabs by randomly distributed low-modulus fibers, and the replacement of steel prestressing cables for concrete components by tendons comprising super-strong fibers. Research is also being conducted on using FRPs to repair and strengthen existing structures.
This volume gathers the latest advances and innovations in the field of structural health monitoring, as presented at the 8th Civil Structural Health Monitoring Workshop (CSHM-8), held on March 31–April 2, 2021. It discusses emerging challenges in civil SHM and more broadly in the fields of smart materials and intelligent systems for civil engineering applications. The contributions cover a diverse range of topics, including applications of SHM to civil structures and infrastructures, innovative sensing solutions for SHM, data-driven damage detection techniques, nonlinear systems and analysis techniques, influence of environmental and operational conditions, aging structures and infrastructures in hazardous environments, and SHM in earthquake prone regions. Selected by means of a rigorous peer-review process, they will spur novel research directions and foster future multidisciplinary collaborations.
Health monitoring of civil structures (HMS) is a new discipline, which contributes to successful and on time detection of damages to structures. This book is a collection of chapters on different topics written by leading scientists in the field. It is primarily focused on the latest achievements in monitoring the earthquake effect upon the health of civil structures. The first chapter of the book deals with the geotechnical and structural aspects of the 2010-2011 Christchurch earthquakes. Further chapters are dedicated to the latest HMS techniques of identification of damage to structures caused by earthquakes. Real time damage detection as well as sensors and acquisition systems used for that purpose are presented. The attention is focused on automated modal analysis, dynamic artificial neural networks and wavelet techniques used in HMS. Particular emphasis is put on wireless sensors and piezo-impendance transducers used for evaluation of seismically induced structural damage. The discussion is followed by presentation of case studies of application of health monitoring for buildings and other civil structures, including a super tall structure. The book ends with a presentation of shaking table tests on physical models for the purpose of monitoring their behaviour under earthquake excitation. Audience The book is primarily intended for engineers and scientists working in the field of application of the HMS technique in earthquake engineering. Considering that real time health monitoring of structures represents a sophisticated approach applying the latest techniques of monitoring of structures, many experts from other industries will also find this book useful.
Proceedings of the NATO Advanced Research Workshop on Coupled Site and Soil-Structure Interaction Effects with Application to Seismic Risk Mitigation Borovets, Bulgaria 30 August - 3 September 2008
This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) of Civil Structures" that was published in Applied Sciences
Structural irregularities are one of the most frequent causes of severe damages in buildings, as evidenced by the numerous earthquakes in recent years. This issue is of particular importance, since real structures are almost all irregular. Furthermore, structural irregularities depend on several factors often very difficult to predict. This book is an essential tool for understanding the problem of structural irregularities and provides the most up-to-date review on this topic, covering the aspects of ground rotations, analysis, design, control and monitoring of irregular structures. It includes 24 contributions from authors of 13 countries, giving a complete and international view of the problem.