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E-rate and Filtering

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 100


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E-rate and Filtering

United States. Congress. House. Committee on Energy and Commerce. Subcommittee on Telecommunications and the Internet

Published: 2001

Total Pages: 112


Get eBook

The Federal E-rate program was established in 1996 as part of a broad effort to bring high-speed Internet access to schools and libraries around the country, particularly in rural areas. Under the program, schools and libraries can receive grants which cover up to 90% of their Internet service and telecommunications costs. Funding for the program comes from “Universal Service Fees” assessed on telecommunications services. The program is regulated by the Federal Communications Commission (FCC), but is administered by the Universal Service Administrative Company (USAC), a federally chartered, non-profit corporation.The $2.5 billion program is considered a success. USAC processes over 35,000 applications per year for new and continuing E-rate support. Statistics from 2002 (the most recent year available) show that 99% of public schools and 92% of public school classrooms have Internet access, with much of that access being through broadband connections funded in part by the E-rate program. Until recently, the only significant glitch in the program was the Children's Internet Protection Act (see, Living in a Post-CIPA World, Information Today, September 2003), which added a requirement that all public school and library E-rate recipients must install and use filtering software on their Internet accessible computers.Recently, however, a more significant series of glitches has ground the program to a halt. In August, 2004, the FCC ordered a number of changes in the accounting, disbursement and audit practices of both the FCC and the USAC. Complications ensued.
In order to be effective for their users, information retrieval (IR) systems should be adapted to the specific needs of particular environments. The huge and growing array of types of information retrieval systems in use today is on display in Understanding Information Retrieval Systems: Management, Types, and Standards, which addresses over 20 types of IR systems. These various system types, in turn, present both technical and management challenges, which are also addressed in this volume. In order to be interoperable in a networked environment, IR systems must be able to use various types of technical standards, a number of which are described in this book—often by their original developers. The book covers the full context of operational IR systems, addressing not only the systems themselves but also human user search behaviors, user-centered design, and management and policy issues. In addition to theory and practice of IR system design, the book covers Web standards and protocols, the Semantic Web, XML information retrieval, Web social mining, search engine optimization, specialized museum and library online access, records compliance and risk management, information storage technology, geographic information systems, and data transmission protocols. Emphasis is given to information systems that operate on relatively unstructured data, such as text, images, and music. The book is organized into four parts: Part I supplies a broad-level introduction to information systems and information retrieval systems Part II examines key management issues and elaborates on the decision process around likely information system solutions Part III illustrates the range of information retrieval systems in use today discussing the technical, operational, and administrative issues for each type Part IV discusses the most important organizational and technical standards needed for successful information retrieval This volume brings together authoritative articles on the different types of information systems and how to manage real-world demands such as digital asset management, network management, digital content licensing, data quality, and information system failures. It explains how to design systems to address human characteristics and considers key policy and ethical issues such as piracy and preservation. Focusing on web–based systems, the chapters in this book provide an excellent starting point for developing and managing your own IR systems.
This report summarizes a survey, which was taken by the NCAC in the spring and summer of 2001 that looked at studies and tests describing the operation of products or software programs used to filter WWW sites.
This encyclopedia is a covers the essential and core areas of the subject including cases, governance, technology and biography.