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This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-proceedings of the first two International Workshops on Dynamical Vision, WDV 2005 and WDV 2006 held in Beijing, China in October 2005 within the scope of ICCV 2005 and in Graz, Austria in May 2006 in the course of ECCV 2006. The 24 revised full papers address a wide range of theoretical and application issues in dynamical vision.
This book is a collection of essays devoted in part to new research direc tions in systems, networks, and control theory, and in part to the growing interaction of these disciplines with new sectors of engineering and applied sciences like coding, computer vision, and hybrid systems. These are new areas of rapid growth and of increasing importance in modern technology. The essays, written by world-leading experts in the field, reproduce and expand the plenary and minicoursejminisymposia invited lectures which were delivered at the Mathematical Theory of Networks and Systems Sym posium (MTNS-98), held in Padova, Italy, on July 6-10, 1998. Systems, control, and networks theory has permeated the development of much of present day technology. The impact has been visible in the past fifty years through the dramatic expansion and achievements of the aerospace and avionics industry, through process control and factory au tomation, robotics, communication signals analysis and synthesis, and, more recently, even finance, to name just the most visible applications. The theory has developed from the early phase of its history when the ba sic tools were elementary complex analysis, Laplace transform, and linear differential equations, to present day, where the mathematics ranges widely from functional analysis, PDE's, abstract algebra, stochastic processes and differential geometry. Irrespective of the particular tools, however, the ba sic unifying paradigms of feedback, stability, optimal control, and recursive filtering, have remained the bulk of the field and continue to be the basic motivation for the theory, coming from the real world.
This book on autonomous road-following vehicles brings together twenty years of innovation in the field. The book uniquely details an approach to real-time machine vision for the understanding of dynamic scenes, viewed from a moving platform that begins with spatio-temporal representations of motion for hypothesized objects whose parameters are adjusted by well-known prediction error feedback and recursive estimation techniques.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-proceedings of the first two International Workshops on Dynamical Vision, WDV 2005 and WDV 2006 held in Beijing, China in October 2005 within the scope of ICCV 2005 and in Graz, Austria in May 2006 in the course of ECCV 2006. The 24 revised full papers address a wide range of theoretical and application issues in dynamical vision.
This book constitutes the thoroughly refereed joint post-proceedings of the first two International Workshops on Dynamical Vision, WDV 2005 and WDV 2006 held in Beijing, China in October 2005 within the scope of ICCV 2005 and in Graz, Austria in May 2006 in the course of ECCV 2006. The 24 revised full papers address a wide range of theoretical and application issues in dynamical vision.
A classical view of neural computation is that it can be characterized in terms of convergence to attractor states or sequential transitions among states in a noisy background. After over three decades, is this still a valid model of how brain dynamics implements cognition? This book provides a comprehensive collection of recent theoretical and experimental contributions addressing the question of stable versus transient neural population dynamics from complementary angles. These studies showcase recent efforts for designing a framework that encompasses the multiple facets of metastability in neural responses, one of the most exciting topics currently in systems and computational neuroscience.
Motion processing is an essential piece of the complex brain machinery that allows us to reconstruct the 3D layout of objects in the environment, to break camouflage, to perform scene segmentation, to estimate the ego movement, and to control our action. Although motion perception and its neural basis have been a topic of intensive research and modeling the last two decades, recent experimental evidences have stressed the dynamical aspects of motion integration and segmentation. This book presents the most recent approaches that have changed our view of biological motion processing. These new experimental evidences call for new models emphasizing the collective dynamics of large population of neurons rather than the properties of separate individual filters. Chapters will stress how the dynamics of motion processing can be used as a general approach to understand the brain dynamics itself.
Ever since Newton created dynamics, there has been controversy about its foundations. Are space and time absolute? Do they form a rigid but invisible framework and container of the universe? Or are space, time, and motion relative? If so, does Newton's 'framework' arise through the influence of the universe at large, as Ernst Mach suggested? Einstein's aim when creating his general theory of relativity was to demonstrate this and thereby implement 'Mach's Principle'. However, it is widely believed that he achieved only partial success. This question of whether motion is absolute or relative has been a central issues in philosophy; the nature of time has perennial interest. Current attempts to create a quantum description of the whole universe keep these issues at the cutting edge of modern research. Written by the world's leading expert on Mach's Principle, The Discovery of Dynamics is a highly original account of the development of notions about space, time, and motion. Widely praised in its hardback version, it is one of the fullest and most readable accounts of the astronomical studies that culminated in Kepler's laws of planetary motion and of the creation of dynamics by Galileo, Descartes, Huygens, and Newton. Originally published as Absolute or Relative Motion?, Vol. 1: The Discovery of Dynamics (Cambridge), The Discovery of Dynamics provides the technical background to Barbour's recently published The End of Time, in which he argues that time disappears from the description of the quantum universe.
Leading experts across smooth dynamics and ergodic theory present a broad research perspective and set an agenda for future work.
A rich and abundant literature has developed during the last half century dealing with mechanical aspects of the eye, mainly from clinical and, experimental points of view. For the most part, workers have attempted to shed light on the complex set of conditions known by the general term glaucoma. These conditions are characterised by an increase in intraocular pressure sufficient to cause de generation of the optic disc and concomitant defects in the visual field, which, if not controlled, lead to inevitable permanent blindness. In the United States alone, an estimated 50,000 persons are blind as a result of glaucoma, which strikes about 2% of the population over 40 years of age (Vaughan and Asbury, 1974). An understanding of the underlying mechanisms of glaucoma is hindered by the fact that elevated intraocular pressure, like a runny nose, is but a symptom which may have a variety of causes. Only by turning to the initial pathology can one hope to understand this important class of medical problems.