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The first part of the book reviews the multi-level system of protection currently operating in Europe and its constitutional implications. The Charter is analysed from a legal, political and practical standpoint. The activity of the European Parliament as a fundamental rights actor will also be examined, as well as the right to a fair trial and to effective judicial protection before and by the EU Courts. The second part of the volume addresses the impact of a binding Charter on specific areas of EU Law. The order in which the contributions have been set out reflects the structure of the Treaty on the functioning of the European Union: free circulation of persons; the internal market; the area of freedom security and justice (civil and criminal aspects); social rights protection; environmental policy; enlargement; international trade and the Common Foreign and Security Policy.
In EU Environmental Law, International Environmental Law, and Human Rights Law: The Case of Environmental Responsibility, Armelle Gouritin offers a critical appraisal of EU environmental responsibility law and asserts a new rights-based approach to international environmental law. This book addresses environmental damage, environmental harm, the grounds for environmental responsibility and the exceptions to the responsibility principle. A critical appraisal of EU Directives 2004/35 and 2008/99 is complemented by an analysis of the input of the European Court on Human Rights and international environmental law with a view to filling the gaps identified in the Directives. Gouritin offers a full analysis of the potential and limits of the rights-based approach applied to environmental responsibility.
Access to justice in environmental matters has been a topic for increasing legal discourse and law-making in international, European Community (EC) and national arenas. The 1998 Aarhus Convention provides new norms of international law, inspired by the 1992 Rio Declaration. EC law on access to justice is being drafted and changes can be observed in the laws of the European Union (EU) members states. This timely book presents the state-of-the-art of access to justice in environmental matters in the European Union. It provides a thematic and comparative introduction of the topic, followed by thorough descriptions of EC law and the law of each EU member state. The chapters are written in English or French with a summary in the other language. L'accandegrave;s andegrave; la justice en matiandegrave;re d'environnement a fait l'objet de plus en plus de dandeacute;bats juridiques et de dandeacute;veloppements l'andeacute;gislatifs en droit international, communautaire et national. La Convention d'Aarhus de 1998 dandeacute;finit de nouvelles normes de droit international, faisant suite andagrave; la Dandeacute;claration de Rio de 1992. Le droit communautaire en matiandegrave;re d'accandegrave;s andagrave; la justice est en voie d'andeacute;laboration et dandeacute;jandagrave; des changements peuvent andecirc;tre observandeacute;s dans les lois nationales des andEacute;tats membres de l'Union europandeacute;enne. Cet ouvrage, qui arrive en temps opportun, prandeacute;sente l'andeacute;tat actuel de l'accandegrave;s andagrave; la justice en matiandegrave;re d'environnement dans l'Union europandeacute;anne. Une introduction thandeacute;matique et comparative du sujet est suivie par une description approfondie du droit communautaire et du droit national de chaque andEacute;tat membre de l'Union europandeacute;enne. Les chapitres sont randeacute;digandeacute;s soit en franandccedil;ais soit en anglais, accompagnandeacute;s respectivement d'un randeacute;sumandeacute; dans l'autre langue.
The aim of the seminar was to reflect on the way in which communication techniques can be used to promote biodiversity conservation. The publication is divided into two sections. The first section seeks to identify key elements in the communication process. Issues examined include: the role of environmental education and communication; defining the public message regarding biodiversity; identification of target public audiences; and marketing strategies. The second part provides an overview of the role of communication and information in international and national biodiversity strategies, and contains two case studies of programmes in Sweden and Ukraine.
This book was first published in 2004. Under what conditions, in what ways, and with what effects do actors engage in politics with respect to, rather than merely within, political institutions? Using multiple methods and original data, Procedural Politics develops a theory of everyday politics with respect to rules - procedural politics - and applies it to European Union integration and politics. Assuming that actors influence maximizers, it argues and demonstrates that the jurisdiction ambiguity of issues provides opportunities for procedural politics and that influence-differences among institutional alternatives provide the incentives. It also argues and demonstrates that procedural politics occurs by predictable means (most notably, involving procedural coalition formation and strategic issue-definition) and exerts predictable effects on policymaking efficiency and outcomes and long-run institutional change. Beyond illuminating previously under-appreciated aspects of EU rule governance, these findings generalize to all rule-governed political systems and form the basis of fuller accounts of the role of institutions in political life.
This book brings together leading and emerging scholars and practitioners to present an overview of how regional, international and transnational courts and tribunals are engaging with the environment. With the natural world under unprecedented pressure, the book highlights the challenges and opportunities presented by international dispute resolution for the protection of the environment and the further development of international environmental law. Presented in three parts, it addresses how individual courts and tribunals engage with environmental matters (Part I); how courts and tribunals are resolving key issues common to environmental litigation (Part II); and future opportunities and developments in the field (Part III). The book is an essential one-stop-shop for students, practitioners and academics alike interested in international litigation and the protection of our global environment. Edgardo Sobenes is an international lawyer and consultant in international law (ESILA), Sarah Mead is a lawyer specialising in international environmental and human rights law, and Benjamin Samson is a researcher at the Université Paris Nanterre and consultant in international law.
From the first appearance of the term in law in the Clean Water Act of 1972 (US), ecological integrity has been debated by a wide range of researchers, including biologists, ecologists, philosophers, legal scholars, doctors and epidemiologists, whose joint interest was the study and understanding of ecological/biological integrity from various standpoints and disciplines. This volume discusses the need for ecological integrity as a major guiding principle in a variety of policy areas, to counter the present ecological and economic crises with their multiple effects on human rights. The book celebrates the 20th anniversary of the Global Ecological Integrity Group and reassesses the basic concept of ecological integrity in order to show how a future beyond catastrophe and disaster is in fact possible, but only if civil society and ultimately legal regimes acknowledge the necessity to consider ecointegrity as a primary factor in decision-making. This is key to the support of basic rights to clean air and water, for halting climate change, and also the basic rights of women and indigenous people. As the authors clearly show, all these rights ultimately depend upon accepting policies that acknowledge the pivotal role of ecological integrity.
Dr. Ludwig Kr�¤mer, born 1939, retired from the European Commission in August 2004. Dr. Kr�¤mer joined the European Commission in 1972, where he started his career dealing with consumer protection issues in the Competition Directorate-General. He successfully combined his profession as an official of the European Commission with intensive writing and teaching activities. Dr. Kr�¤mer is the author of numerous books, handbooks and articles on EC environmental law. He is an environmental law professor and regularly teaches at several European and non-European universities. In his teaching and speeches, he has inspired his audience and spurred many young people into working to protect the environment. On the occasion of his retirement from the Commission, a group of colleagues and friends decided to honor him with the production of this book, which assembles legal essays on a number of EC environmental law subjects.
Droit international de l'environnement: Textes de base et référence est le premier livre à rassembler en un seul volume les principaux instruments du droit international de l'environnement dans leur version française de façon à pouvoir suivre l'évolution rapide de ce domaine du droint international. Droit international de l'environnement: Textes de base et réf,eacute>rences est aussi le premier recueil de textes en langue française à donner des références complètes permettant de retrouver tous les traités du droit international de l'environnement. Ce livre facilite la tâche du lecteur désirant être au courant des développements les plus importants dans ce domaine du droit: outre les textes des traités, le lecteur y trouvera des introductions permettant de situer ces traités dans leur contexte, de nombreuses références bibliographiques, ainsi que des adresses de sites Internet et de secrétariats de traités. Ces indications permettent à celui qui le désire de pousser ses recherches plus loin ou se tenir à jour. Ce livre se distingue par ses nombreuses références qui permettent de retrouver de centaines d'autres textes de droit international de l'environnement, ainsi que par son index détaillé.Droit international de l'environnement: Textes de base et références constituera un outil essentiel pour les avocats, diplomates, étudiants, représentantd d'organisations internationales, chercheurs indépendants, ainsi que pour toute autre personne s'intéressant à la politique internationale de l'environnement et au droit y relatif.
This volume of the Yearbook of the European Convention on Human Rights, prepared by the Directorate of Human Rights of the Council of Europe, relates to 2004. Part one contains information on the Convention. Part two deals with the control mechanism of the European Convention on Human Rights: selected judgments of the European Court of Human Rights and human rights (DH) resolutions of the Committee of Ministers; part three groups together the other work of the Council of Europe in the field of human rights, and includes the work of the Committee of Ministers, the Parliamentary Assembly and the Directorate General of Human Rights; part four is devoted to information on national legislation and extracts from national judicial decisions concerning rights protected by the Convention. Appendix A contains a bibliography on the Convention, and Appendix B the biographies of the new judges elected to the European Court of Human Rights.