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En los últimos años se ha desarrollado un particular interés en el estudio del estrés y de los factores psicosociales relacionados con el trabajo, así como de la repercución que tiene sobre la salud de los trabajadores. Dentro de los efectos negativos, tanto físicos, psicológicos como conductuales que el estrés ocupacional tiene sobre el individuo, estos también afectan negativamente a nivel social y organizacional. Todo esto debido a que el estrés en el trabajo se manifiesta a través del ausentismo, la disminución de la calidad del trabajo y la productividad (Vera, 2005). Los estudios sobre estrés laboral coinciden en que existen una variedad de factores de estrés en los profesionales de la salud. Estudios en los Estados Unidos indican la existencia de niveles altos de estrés y cansancio emocional entre psiquiatras, psicólogos, trabajadores sociales y enfermeras (Brooks & Riley; Mills & Scott; Onyett, Pilliger & Mujier; Skerman & Thelem, en Rodríguez, García & Andújar, 2000). El estrés en el ambiente de trabajo se puede definir como las reacciones nocivas físicas y emocionales que ocurren cuando las exigencias del trabajo no igualan las capacidades, los recursos o las necesidades del/a trabajador/a. Por lo cual, el estrés en el trabajo puede producir problemas de salud y hasta accidentes ocupacionales (NIOSH, 1999). El estrés laboral nace cuando se reconoce que el trabajo, como escenario social-laboral provoca múltiples fuentes de estresores que pueden llegar a afectar a la gente. Por tal motivo, las organizaciones deben vigilar las fuentes de tensión para manejarlas adecuadamente y evitar que las personas puedan llegar a sentirse disfuncionales ante una situación (Santiago, 2004). El estrés tiene consecuencias serias para todo empleado y es prácticamente imposible que éstas no afecten su rendimiento (Chusmir y Franks, en Delgado, 2003). Numerosos factores en las organizaciones y en el diseño del trabajo pueden menoscabar la salud física y mental de los empleados...
The benefits of altruism and empathy are obvious. These qualities are so highly regarded and embedded in both secular and religious societies that it seems almost heretical to suggest they can cause harm. Like most good things, however, altruism can be distorted or taken to an unhealthy extreme. Pathological Altruism presents a number of new, thought-provoking theses that explore a range of hurtful effects of altruism and empathy. Pathologies of empathy, for example, may trigger depression as well as the burnout seen in healthcare professionals. The selflessness of patients with eating abnormalities forms an important aspect of those disorders. Hyperempathy - an excess of concern for what others think and how they feel - helps explain popular but poorly defined concepts such as codependency. In fact, pathological altruism, in the form of an unhealthy focus on others to the detriment of one's own needs, may underpin some personality disorders. Pathologies of altruism and empathy not only underlie health issues, but also a disparate slew of humankind's most troubled features, including genocide, suicide bombing, self-righteous political partisanship, and ineffective philanthropic and social programs that ultimately worsen the situations they are meant to aid. Pathological Altruism is a groundbreaking new book - the first to explore the negative aspects of altruism and empathy, seemingly uniformly positive traits. The contributing authors provide a scientific, social, and cultural foundation for the subject of pathological altruism, creating a new field of inquiry. Each author's approach points to one disturbing truth: what we value so much, the altruistic "good" side of human nature, can also have a dark side that we ignore at our peril.
Personality has always been a predictor of performance. This edited book brings together top scholars to look at teams, leadership, organizational climate and culture, stress, job satisfaction, etc. and tells us what we know about these topics from a per
As the baby boomer generation approaches midlife, many dual-earner couples are struggling with issues of simultaneously caring for children while tending to aging parents. This timely book uncovers the circumstances faced by these workers, known as the “sandwiched generation”, and identifies what they need in order to fulfill their work and family responsibilities. Authors Margaret B. Neal and Leslie B. Hammer suggest the workplace as an arena for change, proposing that it adapt to the situations of today’s workers by providing flexibility and understanding the needs and priorities of families. Based on a four-year national study funded by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, Working Couples Caring for Children and Aging Parents examines: employer and governmental initiatives affecting work and family life in the United States; supports provided to working caregivers in countries other than the United States; the effects of being “sandwiched” on work-family fit, well-being, and work; and changes in work and family roles and outcomes over time. This book will interest a broad audience, including students, policymakers, family care practitioners, IO psychologists, work-life professionals, gerontologists, sociologists, human resource managers, and occupational health psychologists.
The 'Pocket Guide to Health Promotion' is a short, punchy and practical guide aimed at students and practitioners. The book includes precise definitions and examples of key concepts and methods in health promotion practice and a chapter by chapter description of the management planning, strategy selection, implementation and evaluation of health promotion programmes. Written in an accessible and concise style, the book offers the reader a practical and flexible resource that is ideal for students and practitioners looking to plan and implement health promotion activities. A must buy for those new to health promotion or who want a pocket guide to this core health activity. "Clearly written and practical, this excellent guide will prove indispensible to practitioners of health promotion globally, and a very useful starting point for students. It will be worth buying a pocket to put it in!" David Ross, Professor of Epidemiology and International Public Health, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, UK "The Pocket Guide to Health Promotion is easy to navigate with complex concepts in health promotion explained in a user-friendly way. Whether you are practicing health promotion or studying the discipline, this will be a welcome addition to any book shelf." Dr James Woodall, Co-Director of the Centre for Health Promotion Research & Course Leader MSc Public Health, Leeds Metropolitan University, UK
Based on twenty case studies of universities worldwide, and on a survey administered to leaders in 101 universities, this open access book shows that, amidst the significant challenges caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, universities found ways to engage with schools to support them in sustaining educational opportunity. In doing so, they generated considerable innovation, which reinforced the integration of the research and outreach functions of the university. The evidence suggests that universities are indeed open systems, in interaction with their environment, able to discover changes that can influence them and to change in response to those changes. They are also able, in the success of their efforts to mitigate the educational impact of the pandemic, to create better futures, as the result of the innovations they can generate. This challenges the view of universities as "ivory towers" being isolated from the surrounding environment and detached from local problems. As they reached out to schools, universities not only generated clear and valuable innovations to sustain educational opportunity and to improve it, this process also contributed to transform internal university processes in ways that enhanced their own ability to deliver on the third mission of outreach
This specialty standard focuses on protecting, promoting, and optimizing the health and abilities of both the recipents and the living transplant donors of transplanted across the life span. It is also an essential document for other specialists in transplant care, healthcare providers, researchers, and scholars, along with those involved in funding, legal, policy, and regulatory activities.
Organizational Behavior is designed to help students, professionals, and managers develop the competencies and skills that are needed to effectively contribute to an organization. This proven text's strengths lie in its classic research, coverage of contemporary and emerging OB topics, and excellent case selection. Throughout the text, seven core competencies-Managing Self, Managing Diversity, Managing Ethics, Managing Across Cultures, Managing Teams, Managing Communications, and Managing Change-are emphasized and illustrated for the student.