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This book describes the central aspects of diffusion in solids, and goes on to provide easy access to important information about diffusion in metals, alloys, semiconductors, ion-conducting materials, glasses and nanomaterials. Coverage includes diffusion-controlled phenomena including ionic conduction, grain-boundary and dislocation pipe diffusion. This book will benefit graduate students in such disciplines as solid-state physics, physical metallurgy, materials science, and geophysics, as well as scientists in academic and industrial research laboratories.
This text provides a teachable and readable approach to transport phenomena (momentum, heat, and mass transport) by providing numerous examples and applications, which are particularly important to metallurgical, ceramic, and materials engineers. Because the authors feel that it is important for students and practicing engineers to visualize the physical situations, they have attempted to lead the reader through the development and solution of the relevant differential equations by applying the familiar principles of conservation to numerous situations and by including many worked examples in each chapter. The book is organized in a manner characteristic of other texts in transport phenomena. Section I deals with the properties and mechanics of fluid motion; Section II with thermal properties and heat transfer; and Section III with diffusion and mass transfer. The authors depart from tradition by building on a presumed understanding of the relationships between the structure and properties of matter, particularly in the chapters devoted to the transport properties (viscosity, thermal conductivity, and the diffusion coefficients). In addition, generous portions of the text, numerous examples, and many problems at the ends of the chapters apply transport phenomena to materials processing.
A Cutting-Edge Guide to Applying Transport Phenomena Principles to Bioengineering Systems Transport Phenomena in Biomedical Engineering: Artificial Order Design and Development and Tissue Engineering explains how to apply the equations of continuity, momentum, energy, and mass to human anatomical systems. This authoritative resource presents solutions along with term-by-term medical significance. Worked exercises illustrate the equations derived, and detailed case studies highlight real-world examples of artificial organ design and human tissue engineering. Coverage includes: Fundamentals of fluid mechanics and principles of molecular diffusion Osmotic pressure, solvent permeability, and solute transport Rheology of blood and transport Gas transport Pharmacokinetics Tissue design Bioartificial organ design and immunoisolation Bioheat transport 541 end-of-chapter exercises and review questions 106 illustrations 1,469 equations derived from first principles
Special topic volume with invited peer reviewed papers only.
This monograph presents an integrated perspective of the wide range of phenomena and processes applicable to the study of transport of species in porous materials. In order to formulate the entire range of porous media and their uses, this book gives the basics of continuum mechanics, thermodynamics, seepage and consolidation and diffusion, including multiscale homogenization methods. The particular structure of the book has been chosen because it is essential to be aware of the true properties of porous materials particularly in terms of nano, micro and macro mechanisms. This book is of pedagogical and practical importance to the fields covered by civil, environmental, nuclear and petroleum engineering and also in chemical physics and geophysics as it relates to radioactive waste disposal, geotechnical engineering, mining and petroleum engineering and chemical engineering.
This textbook provides an introduction to changes that occur in solids such as ceramics, mainly at high temperatures, which are diffusion controlled, as well as presenting research data. Such changes are related to the kinetics of various reactions such as precipitation, oxidation and phase transformations, but are also related to some mechanical changes, such as creep. The book is composed of two parts, beginning with a look at the basics of diffusion according to Fick's Laws. Solutions of Fick’s second law for constant D, diffusion in grain boundaries and dislocations are presented along with a look at the atomistic approach for the random motion of atoms. In the second part, the author discusses diffusion in several technologically important ceramics. The ceramics selected are monolithic single phase ones, including: A12O3, SiC, MgO, ZrO2 and Si3N4. Of these, three refer to oxide ceramics (alumina, magnesia and zirconia). Carbide based ceramics are represented by the technologically very important Si-carbide and nitride based ceramics are represented by Si-nitride which has been important in high temperature ceramics and gas turbine applications. The author presents a clear, concise and relatively comprehensive treatment of diffusion in ceramics for use by those at an advanced undergraduate level and beyond. It supports understanding of the basic behavior of materials and how to relate observed physical properties to microscopic understanding. The book also provides researchers with a handy collation of data relating to diffusion in ceramics and supports a fundamental understanding of atomic movements.
Presenting the fundamentals, key multiscale methods, and case studies for computational design of engineering materials.
This introduction to transport phenomena in materials engineering balances an explanation of the fundamentals governing fluid flow and the transport of heat and mass with their common applications to specific systems in materials engineering. It introduces the influences of properties and geometry on fluid flow using familiar fluids such as air and water. Covers topics such as engineering units and pressure in static fluids; momentum transport and laminar flow of Newtonian fluids; equations of continuity and conservation of momentum and fluid flow past submerged objects; turbulent flow; mechanical energy balance and its application to fluid flow; transport of heat by conduction; transport of heat by convection; transient heat flow; heat transport by thermal radiation; mass transport in the solid state by diffusion; mass transport in fluids. Includes extensive appendices.
This introductory text is intended to provide undergraduate engineering students with the background needed to understand the science of structure-property relationships, as well as address the engineering concerns of materials selection in design. A computer diskette is included.
Specifically developed for food engineers, this is an in-depth reference book that focuses on transport phenomena in food preservation. First it reviews the fundamental concepts regarding momentum, heat, and mass transfer. Then the book examines specific applications of these concepts into a variety of traditional and novel processes and products.