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Digital imaging techniques have been rapidly adopted within archaeology and cultural heritage practice for the accurate documentation of cultural artefacts. But what is a digital image, and how does it relate to digital photography? The authors of this book take a critical look at the practice and techniques of digital imaging from the stance of digital archaeologists, cultural heritage practitioners and digital artists. Borrowing from the feminist scholar Karen Barad, the authors ask what happens when we diffract the formal techniques of archaeological digital imaging through a different set of disciplinary concerns and practices. Diffracting exposes the differences between archaeologists, heritage practitioners and artists, and foregrounds how their differing practices and approaches enrich and inform each other. How might the digital imaging techniques used by archaeologists be adopted by digital artists, and what are the potentials associated with this adoption? Under the gaze of fine artists, what happens to the fidelity of the digital images made by archaeologists, and what new questions do we ask of the digital image? How can the critical approaches and practices of fine artists inform the future practice of digital imaging in archaeology and cultural heritage? Diffracting Digital Images will be of interest to students and scholars in archaeology, cultural heritage studies, anthropology, fine art, digital humanities, and media theory.
An Introduction to Digital Photomicrography is written for the hobbyist and the neophyte who wants to take pictures through the microscope. The book includes a description of the parts of the microscope; how to use adjust lighting; types of digital cameras; controls for adjusting digital cameras; choosing a video camera and controls for videography.An introductory guide for the hobbyist who wants to take pictures through the microscope, fully illustrated with 88 colour photographs.
A state of the art presentation of important advances in the field of digital holography, detailing advances related to fundamentals of digital holography, in-line holography applied to fluid mechanics, digital color holography, digital holographic microscopy, infrared holography, special techniques in full field vibrometry and inverse problems in digital holography
This book analyzes how contemporary visual art can visualize environmental crisis. It draws on Karen Barad’s method of “agential realism,” which understands disparate factors as working together and “entangled.” Through an analysis of digital eco art, the book shows how the entwining of new materialist and decolonized approaches accounts for the nonhuman factors shaping ecological crises while understanding that a purely object-driven approach misses the histories of human inequality and subjugation encoded in the environment. The resulting synthesis is what the author terms a border ecology, an approach to eco art from its margins, gaps, and liminal zones, deliberately evoking the idea of an ecotone. This book is suitable for scholarly audiences within art history, criticism and practice, but also across disciplines such as the environmental humanities, media studies, border studies and literary eco-criticism.
Aesthetics, Digital Studies and Bernard Stiegler frames the intertwined relationship between artistic endeavours and scientific fields and their sociopolitical implications. Each chapter is either an explication of, or a critique of, some aspect of Bernard Stiegler's technological philosophy; as it is his technological-political-aesthetical-ethical theorisations which form the philosophical foundation of the volume. Emerging scholars bring critical new reflections to the subject area, while more established academics, researchers and practitioners outline the mutating nature of aesthetics within historical and theoretical frameworks. Not only is interdisciplinarity a prevailing topic at work within this collection, but so too is there a delineation of the mutating, hybrid role inhabited by the arts practitioner – at once engineer, scientist and artist – in the changing landscape of digital cultural production.
This book presents a substantial description of the principles and applications of digital holography. The first part of the book deals with mathematical basics and the linear filtering theory necessary to approach the topic. The next part describes the fundamentals of diffraction theory and exhaustively details the numerical computation of diffracted fields using FFT algorithms. A thorough presentation of the principles of holography and digital holography, including digital color holography, is proposed in the third part. A special section is devoted to the algorithms and methods for the numerical reconstruction of holograms. There is also a chapter devoted to digital holographic interferometry with applications in holographic microscopy, quantitative phase contrast imaging, multidimensional deformation investigations, surface shape measurements, fluid mechanics, refractive index investigations, synthetic aperture imaging and information encrypting. Keys so as to understand the differences between digital holography and speckle interferometry and examples of software for hologram reconstructions are also treated in brief. Contents 1. Mathematical Prerequisites. 2. The Scalar Theory of Diffraction. 3. Calculating Diffraction by Fast Fourier Transform. 4. Fundamentals of Holography. 5. Digital Off-Axis Fresnel Holography. 6. Reconstructing Wavefronts Propagated through an Optical System. 7. Digital Holographic Interferometry and Its Applications. Appendix. Examples of Digital Hologram Reconstruction Programs
Covering ideas and methods while concentrating on fundamentals, this book includes wave motion; digital imaging; digital filtering; visualization aspects of the seismic reflection method; sampling theory; the frequency spectrum; synthetic seismograms; wavelet processing; deconvolution; seismic attributes; phase rotation; and seismic attenuation.
We explore the capability of digital-large angle convergent beam electron diffraction (D-LACBED) data for the structural refinement of single crystals. To achieve this, we use three materials as test cases. We use corundum for atomic position refi nement, copper and gallium arsenide for Debye-Waller factor (DWF) re finement. D-LACBED patterns are found to be extremely sensitive to atomic position, within 0.4 pm of reference X-ray values. The patterns are less sensitive to DWF (using the independent atom model - IAM) but nonetheless give good agreement to X-ray and Mossbauer radiation values for copper. We find the IAM to be insufficient for accurate refinement of gallium arsenide due to the influence of previously suggested strong anharmonicity and bonding within the material. Finally, we use simulation to explore the sensitivity of D-LACBED patterns through most re fineable structural parameters, providing context to the aforementioned results. During the analysis we see that higher g-vector patterns within the D-LACBED data may be more sensitive to structural parameters in general.
Trouble is afoot in Digital Culture and Nerdland. These are, Alexander I. Stingl claims, not the engine of freedom and democracy that they once were hailed to be – this much is already clear in the wake of the snooping and surveillance crises that broke in recent years. Digitalization is but another version of the coloniality of power and being that has been at work for decades and centuries. He poses the question, whether Digital Age possess the legitimacy that ‘digitalization’ has claimed. His response is critically realistic, but he doesn’t stop at a critique for criticism’s sake. Inspired by the ideas of decolonial scholars, feminist science studies, current biological and neuro-cognitive research, and sociologists capable of reflection and self-criticism, Stingl attempts to ‘break’ the canvas of sociology and show that adding a third and decolonial dimension to the two-dimensional sociological imagination is indeed possible. He illustrates that it is possible that class-rooms, free speech on internet, and the inequalities in the production and distribution of a new form of social capital – digital cultural health care capital – can be subjected to a decolonial perspective along a sociological line of inquiry, if sociologists allow for relations with other disciplines and scholarship to be integrative conversations. The goal of this book is not to offer results or closed arguments but to create, instead, platforms for thinking further, opening new lines of inquiry, and to argue that it is not enough to identify problems or to attempt solve the problems with politics or best practice solutions. Instead, he proposes, we must learn to identify and make use of the opportunities that are produced by any problem. Stingl’s conclusion is, in short, that a sociology that takes the decolonial challenge and critique seriously, can not be a sociological (sub)discipline or a sociology of (a) problem, but it must be a sociology of opportunities.
The book presents the principles and methods of holographic interferometry - a coherent-optical measurement technique for deformation and stress analysis, for the determination of refractive-index distributions, or applied to non-destructive testing. Emphasis of the book is on the quantitative computer-aided evaluation of the holographic interferograms. Based upon wave-optics the evaluation methods, their implementation in computer-algorithms, and their applications in engineering are described.