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Differential Quadrature and Differential Quadrature Based Element Methods: Theory and Applications is a comprehensive guide to these methods and their various applications in recent years. Due to the attractive features of rapid convergence, high accuracy, and computational efficiency, the differential quadrature method and its based element methods are increasingly being used to study problems in the area of structural mechanics, such as static, buckling and vibration problems of composite structures and functional material structures. This book covers new developments and their applications in detail, with accompanying FORTRAN and MATLAB programs to help you overcome difficult programming challenges. It summarises the variety of different quadrature formulations that can be found by varying the degree of polynomials, the treatment of boundary conditions and employing regular or irregular grid points, to help you choose the correct method for solving practical problems. - Offers a clear explanation of both the theory and many applications of DQM to structural analyses - Discusses and illustrates reliable ways to apply multiple boundary conditions and develop reliable grid distributions - Supported by FORTRAN and MATLAB programs, including subroutines to compute grid distributions and weighting coefficients
In the past few years, the differential quadrature method has been applied extensively in engineering. This book, aimed primarily at practising engineers, scientists and graduate students, gives a systematic description of the mathematical fundamentals of differential quadrature and its detailed implementation in solving Helmholtz problems and problems of flow, structure and vibration. Differential quadrature provides a global approach to numerical discretization, which approximates the derivatives by a linear weighted sum of all the functional values in the whole domain. Following the analysis of function approximation and the analysis of a linear vector space, it is shown in the book that the weighting coefficients of the polynomial-based, Fourier expansion-based, and exponential-based differential quadrature methods can be computed explicitly. It is also demonstrated that the polynomial-based differential quadrature method is equivalent to the highest-order finite difference scheme. Furthermore, the relationship between differential quadrature and conventional spectral collocation is analysed. The book contains material on: - Linear Vector Space Analysis and the Approximation of a Function; - Polynomial-, Fourier Expansion- and Exponential-based Differential Quadrature; - Differential Quadrature Weighting Coefficient Matrices; - Solution of Differential Quadrature-resultant Equations; - The Solution of Incompressible Navier-Stokes and Helmholtz Equations; - Structural and Vibrational Analysis Applications; - Generalized Integral Quadrature and its Application in the Solution of Boundary Layer Equations. Three FORTRAN programs for simulation of driven cavity flow, vibration analysis of plate and Helmholtz eigenvalue problems respectively, are appended. These sample programs should give the reader a better understanding of differential quadrature and can easily be modified to solve the readers own engineering problems.
The differential quadrature hierarchical finite element method (DQHFEM) was proposed by Bo Liu. This method incorporated the advantages and the latest research achievements of the hierarchical finite element method (HFEM), the differential quadrature method (DQM) and the isogeometric analysis (IGA). The DQHFEM also overcame many limitations or difficulties of the three methods.This unique compendium systemically introduces the construction of various DQHFEM elements of commonly used geometric shapes like triangle, tetrahedrons, pyramids, etc. Abundant examples are also included such as statics and dynamics, isotropic materials and composites, linear and nonlinear problems, plates as well as shells and solid structures.This useful reference text focuses largely on numerical algorithms, but also introduces some latest advances on high order mesh generation, which often has been regarded as the major bottle neck for the wide application of high order FEM.
Examines numerical and semi-analytical methods for differential equations that can be used for solving practical ODEs and PDEs This student-friendly book deals with various approaches for solving differential equations numerically or semi-analytically depending on the type of equations and offers simple example problems to help readers along. Featuring both traditional and recent methods, Advanced Numerical and Semi Analytical Methods for Differential Equations begins with a review of basic numerical methods. It then looks at Laplace, Fourier, and weighted residual methods for solving differential equations. A new challenging method of Boundary Characteristics Orthogonal Polynomials (BCOPs) is introduced next. The book then discusses Finite Difference Method (FDM), Finite Element Method (FEM), Finite Volume Method (FVM), and Boundary Element Method (BEM). Following that, analytical/semi analytic methods like Akbari Ganji's Method (AGM) and Exp-function are used to solve nonlinear differential equations. Nonlinear differential equations using semi-analytical methods are also addressed, namely Adomian Decomposition Method (ADM), Homotopy Perturbation Method (HPM), Variational Iteration Method (VIM), and Homotopy Analysis Method (HAM). Other topics covered include: emerging areas of research related to the solution of differential equations based on differential quadrature and wavelet approach; combined and hybrid methods for solving differential equations; as well as an overview of fractal differential equations. Further, uncertainty in term of intervals and fuzzy numbers have also been included, along with the interval finite element method. This book: Discusses various methods for solving linear and nonlinear ODEs and PDEs Covers basic numerical techniques for solving differential equations along with various discretization methods Investigates nonlinear differential equations using semi-analytical methods Examines differential equations in an uncertain environment Includes a new scenario in which uncertainty (in term of intervals and fuzzy numbers) has been included in differential equations Contains solved example problems, as well as some unsolved problems for self-validation of the topics covered Advanced Numerical and Semi Analytical Methods for Differential Equations is an excellent text for graduate as well as post graduate students and researchers studying various methods for solving differential equations, numerically and semi-analytically.
Here is an elementary development of the Sinc-Galerkin method with the focal point being ordinary and partial differential equations. This is the first book to explain this powerful computational method for treating differential equations. These methods are an alternative to finite difference and finite element schemes, and are especially adaptable to problems with singular solutions. The text is written to facilitate easy implementation of the theory into operating numerical code. The authors' use of differential equations as a backdrop for the presentation of the material allows them to present a number of the applications of the sinc method. Many of these applications are useful in numerical processes of interest quite independent of differential equations. Specifically, numerical interpolation and quadrature, while fundamental to the Galerkin development, are useful in their own right.
This book is a tutorial written by researchers and developers behind the FEniCS Project and explores an advanced, expressive approach to the development of mathematical software. The presentation spans mathematical background, software design and the use of FEniCS in applications. Theoretical aspects are complemented with computer code which is available as free/open source software. The book begins with a special introductory tutorial for beginners. Following are chapters in Part I addressing fundamental aspects of the approach to automating the creation of finite element solvers. Chapters in Part II address the design and implementation of the FEnicS software. Chapters in Part III present the application of FEniCS to a wide range of applications, including fluid flow, solid mechanics, electromagnetics and geophysics.
There are various types of waves including water, sound, electromagnetic, seismic and shock etc. These waves need to be analyzed and understood for different practical applications. This book is an attempt to consider the waves in detail to understand the physical and mathematical phenomena. A major challenge is to model waves by experimental studies. The aim of this book will be to address the efficient and recently developed theories along with the basic equations of wave dynamics. The latest development of analytical/semi analytical and numerical methods with respect to wave dynamics will also be covered. Further few challenging experimental studies will then be considered for related problems. This book presents advances in wave dynamics in simple and easy to follow chapters for the benefit of the readers/researchers.
Given the risk of earthquakes in many countries, knowing how structural dynamics can be applied to earthquake engineering of structures, both in theory and practice, is a vital aspect of improving the safety of buildings and structures. It can also reduce the number of deaths and injuries and the amount of property damage.The book begins by discussing free vibration of single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) systems, both damped and undamped, and forced vibration (harmonic force) of SDOF systems. Response to periodic dynamic loadings and impulse loads are also discussed, as are two degrees of freedom linear system response methods and free vibration of multiple degrees of freedom. Further chapters cover time history response by natural mode superposition, numerical solution methods for natural frequencies and mode shapes and differential quadrature, transformation and Finite Element methods for vibration problems. Other topics such as earthquake ground motion, response spectra and earthquake analysis of linear systems are discussed.Structural dynamics of earthquake engineering: theory and application using Mathematica and Matlab provides civil and structural engineers and students with an understanding of the dynamic response of structures to earthquakes and the common analysis techniques employed to evaluate these responses. Worked examples in Mathematica and Matlab are given. - Explains the dynamic response of structures to earthquakes including periodic dynamic loadings and impulse loads - Examines common analysis techniques such as natural mode superposition, the finite element method and numerical solutions - Investigates this important topic in terms of both theory and practise with the inclusion of practical exercise and diagrams
This book consists of important contributions by world-renowned experts on adaptive high-order methods in computational fluid dynamics (CFD). It covers several widely used, and still intensively researched methods, including the discontinuous Galerkin, residual distribution, finite volume, differential quadrature, spectral volume, spectral difference, PNPM, and correction procedure via reconstruction methods. The main focus is applications in aerospace engineering, but the book should also be useful in many other engineering disciplines including mechanical, chemical and electrical engineering. Since many of these methods are still evolving, the book will be an excellent reference for researchers and graduate students to gain an understanding of the state of the art and remaining challenges in high-order CFD methods.
This book contains the topics of artificial intelligence and deep learning that do have much application in real-life problems. The concept of uncertainty has long been used in applied science, especially decision making and a logical decision must be made in the field of uncertainty or in the real-life environment that is formed and combined with vague concepts and data. The chapters of this book are connected to the new concepts and aspects of decision making with uncertainty. Besides, other chapters are involved with the concept of data mining and decision making under uncertain computations.