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This book focuses on droplets and sprays relevant to combustion and propulsion applications. The book includes fundamental studies on the heating, evaporation and combustion of individual droplets and basic mechanisms of spray formation. The contents also extend to the latest analytical, numerical and experimental techniques for investigating the behavior of sprays in devices like combustion engines and gas turbines. In addition, the book explores several emerging areas like interactions between sprays and flames and the dynamic characteristics of spray combustion systems on the fundamental side, as well as the development of novel fuel injectors for specific devices on the application side. Given its breadth of coverage, the book will benefit researchers and professionals alike.
Atomization and sprays are used in a wide range of industries: mechanical, chemical, aerospace, and civil engineering; material science and metallurgy; food; pharmaceutical, forestry, environmental protection; medicine; agriculture; meteorology and others. Some specific applications are spray combustion in furnaces, gas turbines and rockets, spray drying and cooling, air conditioning, powdered metallurgy, spray painting and coating, inhalation therapy, and many others. The Handbook of Atomization and Sprays will bring together the fundamental and applied material from all fields into one comprehensive source. Subject areas included in the reference are droplets, theoretical models and numerical simulations, phase Doppler particle analysis, applications, devices and more.
This book focuses on combustion simulations and optical diagnostics techniques, which are currently used in internal combustion engines. The book covers a variety of simulation techniques, including in-cylinder combustion, numerical investigations of fuel spray, and effects of different fuels and engine technologies. The book includes chapters focused on alternative fuels such as DEE, biomass, alcohols, etc. It provides valuable information about alternative fuel utilization in IC engines. Use of combustion simulations and optical techniques in advanced techniques such as microwave-assisted plasma ignition, laser ignition, etc. are few other important aspects of this book. The book will serve as a valuable resource for academic researchers and professional automotive engineers alike.
As industrial processes and their corresponding control models increase in complexity, the data provided by traditional point sensors is no longer adequate to ensure product quality and cost-effective operation. Process Imaging for Automatic Control demonstrates how in-process imaging technologies surpass the limitations of traditional monitoring systems by providing real-time multidimensional measurement and control data. Combined with suitable data extraction and control schemes, such systems can optimize the performance of a wide variety of industrial processes. Contributed by leading international experts, Process Imaging for Automatic Control offers authoritative, comprehensive coverage of this new area of process control technology, including: Basic goals of process modeling and their application to automatic control Direct imaging devices and applications, such as machine vision and spatial measurement of flow velocity, pressure, shear, pH, and temperature Various techniques, hardware implementations, and image reconstruction methods for process tomography Image enhancement and restoration State estimation methods State space control system models, control strategies, and implementation issues Five chapters devoted to case studies and advanced applications From theory to practical implementation, this book is the first to treat the entire range of imaging techniques and their application to process control. Supplying broad coverage with more than 270 illustrations and nearly 700 cited references, it presents an accessible introduction to this rapidly growing, interdisciplinary technology.
This book reflects the results of the 2nd and 3rd International Workshops on Turbulent Spray Combustion. The focus is on progress in experiments and numerical simulations for two-phase flows, with emphasis on spray combustion. Knowledge of the dominant phenomena and their interactions allows development of predictive models and their use in combustor and gas turbine design. Experts and young researchers present the state-of-the-art results, report on the latest developments and exchange ideas in the areas of experiments, modelling and simulation of reactive multiphase flows. The first chapter reflects on flame structure, auto-ignition and atomization with reference to well-characterized burners, to be implemented by modellers with relative ease. The second chapter presents an overview of first simulation results on target test cases, developed at the occasion of the 1st International Workshop on Turbulent Spray Combustion. In the third chapter, evaporation rate modelling aspects are covered, while the fourth chapter deals with evaporation effects in the context of flamelet models. In chapter five, LES simulation results are discussed for variable fuel and mass loading. The final chapter discusses PDF modelling of turbulent spray combustion. In short, the contributions in this book are highly valuable for the research community in this field, providing in-depth insight into some of the many aspects of dilute turbulent spray combustion.
Cavitation and Bubble Dynamics: Fundamentals and Applications examines the latest advances in the field of cavitation and multiphase flows, including associated effects such as material erosion and spray instabilities. This book tackles the challenges of cavitation hindrance in the industrial world, while also drawing on interdisciplinary research to inform academic audiences on the latest advances in the fundamentals. Contributions to the book come from a wide range of specialists in areas including fuel systems, hydropower, marine engineering, multiphase flows and computational fluid mechanics, allowing readers to discover novel interdisciplinary experimentation techniques and research results. This book will be an essential tool for industry professionals and researchers working on applications where cavitation hindrance affects reliability, noise, and vibrations. - Covers a wide range of cavitation and bubble dynamics phenomena, including shock wave emission, jetting, and luminescence - Provides the latest advice about applications including cavitation tunnels, cavitation testing, flow designs to avoid cavitation in pumps and other hydromachinery, and flow lines - Describes novel experimental techniques, such as x-ray imaging and new computational techniques