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This book is the first in a series of planned volumes focused on preserving the character of the development of bioethics in particular cultural contexts. As the first of these volumes, Leo Pessini, Christian de Paul de Barchifontaine, and Fernando Lolas Stepke’s work has succeeded well. It has brought together accounts by sch- ars who were crucial to the emergence of bioethics in the Ibero-American cultural domain. This trail-blazing work in the history of bioethics will be of enduring s- nificance. I am deeply in their debt for having shouldered this far from easy task. Bioethics is the product of very particular socio-historical developments. Most prominent among them have been (1) the secularization of the dominant culture of North America, Western Europe, and now Central and South America as well, (2) a deflation of the status and authority of physicians as moral authorities able to guide their own profession, and (3) the salience of a post-traditional animus that gives c- tral place to persons as isolated atomic sources of moral authority. Bioethics initially took shape in North America as a post-Christian, post-professional, post-traditional social movement. This bioethics sought to establish a moral discourse for the public forum, a moral practice able to give practical guidance in hospitals and other insti- tions, and a body of undergirding and justifying theoretical reflections.
Este es el primer libro dedicado a analizar la obra del jesuita biólogo y teólogo, Javier Gafo (1936-2001). Este trabajo se centra en su pensamiento teológico-moral y bioético en el marco de su contexto histórico, el post-concilio y el nacimiento de la bioética, en el cual tuvo amplia influencia en el mundo de habla hispana, especialmente en América Latina. Su propuesta de una bioética en clave de diálogo plural y secular, tal como se la puede descubrir en sus escritos y sus enseñanzas, es una iniciativa que es todo un desafío tanto para los bioeticistas como para los teólogos morales. Su propuesta de diálogo es la de un diálogo interdisciplinar entre la filosofía, la teología y las ciencias sin dejar de estar atento a la historia, las culturas y las grandes religiones como eje transversal. Javier Gafo, sin renunciar a sus convicciones de creyente y teólogo moral de la Iglesia Católica, llega a formulaciones de tinte secular –no secularista– que permiten un carácter más dialogal, especialmente en aquellos temas más candentes de la bioética y en ámbitos donde el lenguaje eclesial o católico es poco inteligible. El libro aborda su vida, su trayectoria y su obra, su planteamiento filosófico, su visión antropológica y moral, el valor dado a las religiones y su propuesta teológico-moral analizando el papel esencial de la Escritura, la Tradición, el Magisterio de la Iglesia, la teología y la experiencia de los fieles. El lector se encontrará finalmente con una extensa bibliografía para profundizar en el conocimiento de la obra y el pensamiento de Javier Gafo: sus obras completas, textos y documentos inéditos de su autoría, escritos o estudios sobre obras o aspectos de Javier Gafo. Toda una aportación para tantos cientos de bioeticistas que después de diez años de su muerte se sienten herederos de su legado.
HIV/AIDS constitutes a global problem. A good number of scholars from different nationalities, multiple rationalities, religious sensibilities, theological intelligibilities and ethical, cultural, and ecclesiastical backgrounds have affirmed that this worldwide quagmire constitutes a global health problem and social malady which does not have a well-defined geographically limited spread. The global nature of HIV/AIDS as seen in the statistics does not however undermine the fact that the effects of this sickness are not felt proportionally from one nation to another. This book proposes to situate the local as a veritable site of empowerment for communities dealing with HIV/AIDS, as it is the case with the African continent. The author of this book, over and above the way the problem of HIV/AIDS has been constructed, projected, and reviewed, decided to situate this epidemic of the 20th Century within the socio-cultural and political context of the Nigerian nation with particular reference to the Igbo people. The task of contextualizing this problem reveal the identity of the author as an Igbo, and as a theologian, who engages the indigenous ethical principles, unsophisticated traditional wisdom, cultural and religious values of his people in offering solutions that resonate the cultural identity of his people in dialogue with modern and post-modern constructs.
This book offers an impressive collection of contributions on the epistemology of international biolaw and its applications, both in the legal and ethical fields. Bringing together works by some of the world’s most prominent experts on biolaw and bioethics, it constitutes a paradigmatic text in its field. In addition to exploring various ideologies and philosophies, including European, American and Mediterranean biolaw traditions, it addresses controversial topics straight from today’s headlines, such as genetic editing, the dual-use dilemma, and neurocognitive enhancement. The book encourages readers to think objectively and impartially in order to resolve the ethical and juridical dilemmas that stem from biotechnological empowerment and biomedical techniques. Accordingly, it offers a valuable resource for courses on biolaw, law, bioethics, and biomedical research, as well as courses that discuss law and the biosciences at different professional levels, e.g. in the courts, biomedical industry, pharmacological companies and the public space in general.
Regional Perspectives in Bioethics" illustrates the ways in which the national and international political landscape encompasses persons from diverse and often fragmented moral communities with widely varying moral intuitions, premises, evaluations and commitments.
This volume explores the critical reactions and dissenting activism generated in the summer of 1968 when Pope Paul VI promulgated his much-anticipated and hugely divisive encyclical, Humanae Vitae, which banned the use of ‘artificial contraception’ by Catholics. Through comparative case studies of fourteen different European countries, it offers a wealth of new data about the lived religious beliefs and practices of ordinary people – as well as theologians interrogating ‘traditional teachings’ – in areas relating to love, marriage, family life, gender roles and marital intimacy. Key themes include the role of medical experts, the media, the strategies of progressive Catholic clergy and laity, and the critical part played by hugely differing Church-State relations. In demonstrating the Catholic Church’s important (and overlooked) contribution to the refashioning of the sexual landscape of post-war Europe, it makes a critical intervention into a growing historiography exploring the 1960s and offers a close interrogation of one strand of religious change in this tumultuous decade.
À première vue, l'humanisme occidental, le bouddhisme japonais et la science moderne ont si peu en commun que l'idée même de rechercher un terrain d'entente par le dialogue semble trop idéaliste. Seul un homme du calibre de daisaku ikeda pourrait mener à bien un tel projet. Faisant fi du cliché et des réponses faciles, il aborde les grandes questions auxquelles la société d'aujourd'hui est confrontée: cancer, sida, mort dignement, fécondation in vitro, éthique biomédicale... Les réponses apportées par René Simard, biologiste moléculaire et généticien, et Guy Bourgeault, bioéthicien , sont perspicaces et convaincantes. Leurs discussions ont franchi les barrières linguistiques et culturelles pour présenter une vision du potentiel - et des défis inhérents - à l'être humain.