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This article discusses the justifications to implement public policies towards widespread access to information and communications technologies (ICTs) in the context of developing countries. It argues that the so-called universal access policies can be seen as important pieces of broader development strategies. In this sense, there is a strong case for governments of developing countries to foster access to ICTs. The work is structured in three parts. Part I examines the theoretical arguments and empirical evidence supporting the positive impact of access to ICTs on economic growth. Part II discusses the impact of access to ICTs on the improvement of human functionings and expansion of human capabilities. Finally, Part III addresses the impact of universal access policies on the reduction of inequality, relating this effect to sustainable development. A brief conclusion ties the three parts together.
Re-imagining Development Communication in Africa is organized into three sections or parts, the first focusing on the past and the history of development communication scholarship; the second analyzes theoretical issues, and finally a third section that looks at country cases. The first part provides several perspectives on the historical development of the field as it pertains to Africa. Some of these look at ideological, indigenous contributions, and the particular importance of gender issues. The second section provides a critique of development communication theory and provides a more cultural appropriate alternative. Additionally, the book applies existing theory to practice in African communities. This leads to the third section of the book which focuses on development communication in some country cases such as in Cameroon, Kenya, Nigeria, and Rwanda.
In this timely book, Rob Frieden points out the myriad ways the United States has fallen behind other countries in telecommunications. Despite the appearance of robust competition and entrepreneurism in U.S. telecom markets, there is very little of either. Because of an inattentive Congress and a misguided Federal Communications Commission unwilling to confront real problems, industry incumbents have been able to earn healthy profits while keeping the United States in the backwaters of Internet-based information, communication, and entertainment markets. At every turn regulators have tipped the scales in favor of large established companies, creating an environment that stifles innovation. As a consequence, Americans are stuck with relatively slow connectivity and with equipment that lacks features that have been standard in other countries for years. In telecommunications, the United States is a little like a third world country that is developing under a crushing bureaucracy without recognizing that the rest of the world has passed it by. Frieden shows how failure can intrude on the ability of the United States to compete and suggests how to restore its competitiveness.--Publisher's description.
This book moves away from the orthodox neoliberal paradigm to suggest a new framework linking social policy with citizenship and transformation. The interjection of nation building, public society and public provisioning to the study of education, healthcare and employment caters to the needs of citizens equitably. By combining and coagulating these three broad arenas of politico-economic discussion, this book takes a new approach to the analysis of social policymaking in developing countries to indicate the drivers and triggers of transformation. It makes comprehensive, thorough critical comparisons between the trajectories of developed and developing countries, finds out the gaps in transformation and suggests drivers for changes. The intentions of social policymaking, as proposed in the book, are to curb the growing inequalities in the forms of class, power and marginalisation. The chapters on education focus on provisioning of public goods for skills formation, innovation and citizenship education. The sections on healthcare centre on universal health care as opposed to universal health coverage by analysing access, healthcare-seeking behaviour, price setting, market provisioning etc. For the chapters on employment, propositions are posited regarding the expansion of productive capacity, factor mobility and social security to ensure work for all. Besides theorising education, healthcare and employment based on public provisioning by the people’s state, underwritten by a public society, the book provides feasible solutions through data sourced from all major international organisations. In addition, it recognises the unique postcolonial struggles and aspirations of the developing countries, and accordingly resorts to defining the normative principles, reflecting nuances, subtleties and peculiarities. This book is a continuation of the author's Fiscal and Monetary Policies in Developing Countries: State, Citizenship and Transformation (Routledge) and will draw the attention of scholars and researchers who wish to gain a deeper understanding of, and pragmatic solutions to, social policies that address the transformational pathways of developing countries, accentuated by the COVID-19 pandemic.
This book provides a comprehensive analysis of the latest legal, economic, political and social research and advanced current thinking on the relationship between intellectual property and trade and development. It also sets out implementation strategies for the incorporation of intellectual property rules into a local legal framework.
In recent years, the field of Universal Access has made significant progress in consolidating theoretical approaches, scientific methods and technologies, as well as in exploring new application domains. Increasingly, professionals in this rapidly maturing area require a comprehensive and multidisciplinary resource that addresses current principles
This volume not only examines traditional questions about broadband, such as availability and access, but also explores and evaluates metrics that are more applicable to the evolving technologies of information access. Importantly, the book provides a well-rounded, international perspective on theoretical approaches to communications policymaking in the Americas, Europe, Asia, and Africa. Showcasing a diversity of approaches, this collection aims to help meet the myriad challenges involved in improving the development of communications policy around the world.
Universal Access Through Inclusive Instructional Design explores the ways that educators around the world reduce barriers for students with disabilities and other challenges by planning and implementing accessible, equitable, high-quality curricula. Incorporating key frameworks such as Universal Design for Learning, these dynamic contributions highlight essential supports for flexibility in student engagement, representation of content, and learner action and expression. This comprehensive resource—rich with coverage of foundations, policies, technology applications, accessibility challenges, case studies, and more—leads the way to design and delivery of instruction that meets the needs of learners in varying contexts, from early childhood through adulthood.
Through knowledge societies, people have capabilities to acquire information and to transform that information into knowledge and information, which empowers them to enhance their lives and to contribute to the social-economic development. The practical application of knowledge into innovation and how this process from research to development to application can be achieved is a domain that is not yet very well understood. Developing Knowledge Societies for Distinct Country Contexts is an essential reference source that documents methods, best practices, and case studies for the development of global knowledge societies at the national, regional, and local levels. Featuring empirical analysis on topics such as smart governance, financial literacy, and globalization, this book is ideally designed for business strategists, economists, international researchers, anthropologists, politicians, policymakers, governmental sectors, academics, and students seeking coverage on the development of knowledge society policies and strategies in various areas of the world.