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This research project is a comprehensive study of how supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs) can be used to improve the performance of concrete mixtures. This report summarizes the findings of the Laboratory Study on Concrete phase of this work. The earlier "paste and mortar phase" of this work considered several sources of each type of SCM (fly ash, slag, and silica fume) so that the material variability issues could be addressed. Several different sources of portland cement and blended cement were also used in the experimental program. This phase of the research used an experimental matrix of 48 different mortar and concrete mixtures, which were identified in the earlier work as potential ternary mixtures that could benefit department of transportation (DOT) goals for long-lasting transportation bridges and pavements. This report contains test results from durability testing on mortar and concrete containing ternary cementitious materials and standard coarse and fine aggregates. Limited testing was also conducted on select mixtures for performance in hot and cold climates, to determine the potential to design ternary mixtures in adverse conditions.
This report summarizes the findings of Phase I of the research project. The project is a comprehensive study of how supplementary cementitious materials (SCMs), can be used to improve the performance of concrete mixtures. The initial stages of this project consider several sources of each type of supplementary cementitious material (fly ash, slag, and silica fume) so that the material variability issues can also be addressed. Several different sources of portland cement (PC) and blended cement are also used in the experimental program. The experimental matrix includes 110-115 different mixtures; hence, the project is being conducted in three different phases. This report contains a brief literature study to summarize the state of the practice in ternary mixtures. The literature study includes the efforts by state departments of transportation (DOTs) that have utilized ternary mixtures in field work (for example, Ohio DOT, New York State DOT, Pennsylvania DOT, Iowa DOT) to discuss practical concerns about field applications. The initial phase covered in this report is a study with a large scope to identify materials combinations that will likely perform adequately in Phases II and III. Phase I of the study consisted of a 24-month laboratory program that studied the influence of multiple combination and proportions of cement, slag, silica fume, and fly ash on specific performance properties of mortar specimens. Test results are presented in this report. Chemical admixtures (water reducers, air-entraining agents, and accelerators) were included in this phase of the study to compare the effects of ternary mixtures on setting time, water demand, and air content. Phase I results have created the architecture for predicting the performance of ternary systems based on the material properties of the total cementitious system.
A complete and timely overview of the topic, this Encyclopedia imparts knowledge of fundamental principles and their applications for academicians, scientists and researchers, while informing engineers, industrialists and entrepreneurs of the current state of the technology and its utilization. The most comprehensive source on polymer blends available on the market Offers a complete and timely overview of the topic Each article presents up to date research & development on a topic and its basic principles and applications, integrates case studies, laboratory and pilot plant experiments, and gives due reference to published and patented literature Equips academics, scientists and researchers with knowledge of fundamentals principles and their applications, and informs the engineers, industrialists and entrepreneurs about the state of the art technology and its applications
Curing is one of those activities that every civil engineer and construction worker has heard of, but in reality does not worry about much. In practice, curing is often low on the list of priorities on the construction site, particularly when budgets and timelines are under pressure. Yet the increasing demands being placed on concrete mixtures also mean that they are less forgiving than in the past. Therefore, any activity that will help improve hydration and so performance, while reducing the risk of cracking, is becoming more important. Curing Concrete explains exactly why curing is so important and shows you how to best do it. The book covers: The fundamentals behind hydration How curing affects the properties of concrete, improving its long-term performance What curing technologies and techniques you can use for different applications How to effectively specify, provide, and measure curing in a project The author also gives numerous examples of how curing—or a lack of it—has affected concrete performance in real-world situations. These include examples from hot and cold climates, as well as examples related to high-performance concrete, performance parameters, and specifications and testing. Written for construction professionals who want to ensure the quality and longevity of their concrete structures, this book demonstrates that curing is well worth the effort and cost.
Demonstrates CSA cements can be used to produce durable concrete with physical properties comparable to equivalent Portland cement concrete.
Prepared to the 20th Anniversary of the Faculty of Civil Engineering of the VSB - Technical University of Ostrava Special topic volume with invited peer reviewed papers only