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This book reevaluates the health risks of ionizing radiation in light of data that have become available since the 1980 report on this subject was published. The data include new, much more reliable dose estimates for the A-bomb survivors, the results of an additional 14 years of follow-up of the survivors for cancer mortality, recent results of follow-up studies of persons irradiated for medical purposes, and results of relevant experiments with laboratory animals and cultured cells. It analyzes the data in terms of risk estimates for specific organs in relation to dose and time after exposure, and compares radiation effects between Japanese and Western populations.
This study presents a measurement of the double-differential cross section for the Drell-Yan Z/[gamma]* → l+l- and photon-induced [gamma][gamma] → l+l- processes where l is an electron or muon. The measurement is performed for invariant masses of the lepton pairs, mll, between 116 GeV and 1500 GeV using a sample of 20.3 fb-1 of pp collisions data at centre-of-mass energy of √s = 8 TeV collected by the ATLAS detector at the LHC in 2012. The data are presented double differentially in invariant mass and absolute dilepton rapidity as well as in invariant mass and absolute pseudorapidity separation of the lepton pair. The single-differential cross section as a function of mll is also reported. The electron and muon channel measurements are combined and a total experimental precision of better than 1% is achieved at low mll. A comparison to next-to-next-to-leading order perturbative QCD predictions using several recent parton distribution functions and including next-to-leading order electroweak effects indicates the potential of the data to constrain parton distribution functions. In particular, a large impact of the data on the photon PDF is demonstrated.
Measurements of the differential and double-differential Drell-Yan cross sections are presented using an integrated luminosity of 4.5(4.8) inverse femtobarns in the dimuon (dielectron) channel of proton-proton collision data recorded with the CMS detector at the LHC at sqrt{s} = 7 TeV. The measured inclusive cross section in the Z-peak region (60-120 GeV) is \sigma(\ell \ell) = 986.4 +/- 0.6 (stat.) +/- 5.9 (exp. syst.) +/- 21.7 (th. syst.) +/- 21.7 (lum.) pb for the combination of the dimuon and dielectron channels. Differential cross sections $d\sigma/dm$ for the dimuon, dielectron, and combined channels are measured in the mass range 15 to 1500 GeV and corrected to the full phase space. Results are also presented for the measurement of the double-differential cross section d2̂\sigma/dm d.
Differential measurements were made for the process He(+) + He yields He + He(+). The differential cross section for this charge transfer was determined at 12 kev, 6 kev, 3 kev, 1.5 kev, 0.75 kev and 0.44 kev. This quantity, in square centimeters, is plotted vs laboratory scattering angle in the range of 1 to 4 degrees. To obtain these results, the experimentally-measured electron capture probability was multiplied by a calculated value of the differential cross section for scattering of the fast particle. The interatomic potential energy function used in these calculations is one which was found experimentally to be in agreement with resonant electron capture data. (Author).