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The Federal Highway Administration is currently developing an integrated set of software tools to improve highway design, the Interactive Highway Safety Design Model (IHSDM). The IHSDM is a suite of software analysis tools for evaluating safety and operational effects of geometric design decisions on two-lane rural highways. The IHSDM provides highway project planners, designers, and reviewers in State and local departments of transportation and engineering consulting firms with a suite of safety evaluation tools to support these assessments. As currently implemented in the latest public release version, the IHSDM includes the following five components: (1) Policy Review Module, (2) Design Consistency Module, (3) Crash Prediction Module, (4) Traffic Analysis Module, and (5) Intersection Review Module. A sixth module, the Driver Vehicle Module (DVM), is a candidate for future release. This report provides a complete technical description of the DVM. Specifically, it provides a description of the specification, verification, and calibration/validation of the DVM for the passenger vehicle and the heavy vehicle component, along with additional functionality enhancements.
This report addresses the functional requirements for the Driver Performance Module of the Interactive Highway Safety Design Model (IHSDM). Requirements are discussed largely within the context of a proposed IHSDM concept of system utilization and the various IHSDM user interface issues associated with such a concept. An overview is provided of the IHSDM concept as well as a description of the various modules and their general input/output data requirements and software needs. The use of "profiles" is described as a means to provide a taxonomy of driver performance suited to an analysis of the role of driver behavior in highway design and system safety. The importance of accounting for the variability in driver performance is identified as a key issue in understanding the low probability nature of accidents. At a system level, the document addresses the nature of the interface between the IHSDM user/analyst and the various modules. Utilization is discussed in the context of a proposed IHSDM Scenario Generation function and its role as the primary system/user interface. The need is also identified for a Performance Measurement Module, the function of which would be to allow the user to define not only the particular measures to be collected but also the means by which they would be displayed and monitored. An increased capability to "visualize" the products of the driver and vehicle dynamics modules is presented in terms of a shift in the focus of the visualization requirement from a simulated, out-the-window driver perspective of the roadway to one more oriented toward the visualization of data and the increased use of "synthetic" displays for that purpose. Lastly, the type of research program needed for effective IHSDM development and implementation is presented along with examples of the type of driver performance research required for development and validation of the Driver Performance Module.
"One of the high-priority research areas of the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) is the development of the Interactive Highway Safety Design Model (IHSDM). The goal of the IHSDM research program is to develop a systematic approach that will allow highway designers to explicitly consider the safety implications of design decisions from the planning stage through the final design stage"--Page [1].
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"The FHWA is currently addressing several general safety areas including examining driver behavior at intersections, developing tools and procedures for intersection design, and conducting human factors literature reviews for Safety R & D Program Areas including Intersections, Pedestrians and Bicyclists, Speed Management, and Visibility. As a part of task B.2 of the Integrated Program for the Interactive Highway Safety Design Model and Safety Research project (DTFH61-03-R-00128) for the FHWA, the Battelle team conducted literature searches on human cognition, perception, and behavior in the areas of intersections (i.e. signalized and non-signalized intersections), speed management (i.e. infrastructure influences on driver speed), pedestrians and bicyclists (i.e. non-motorized transportation), and visibility (i.e. visibility of traffic control devices and materials). This report describes the activities and results associated with task B.2: human factors literature reviews in safety R & D research program areas. 141 documents were initially identified from earlier reviews, database searches, website searches, and recommendations from FHWA staff as potentially having relevance to this project. After an initial review of these documents, 113 were chosen for inclusion in the literature review"--Technical report documentation p.