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TRIBOLOGY – the study of friction, wear and lubrication – impacts almost every aspect of our daily lives. The Springer Encyclopedia of Tribology is an authoritative and comprehensive reference covering all major aspects of the science and engineering of tribology that are relevant to researchers across all engineering industries and related scientific disciplines. This is the first major reference that brings together the science, engineering and technological aspects of tribology of this breadth and scope in a single work. Developed and written by leading experts in the field, the Springer Encyclopedia of Tribology covers the fundamentals as well as advanced applications across material types, different length and time scales, and encompassing various engineering applications and technologies. Exciting new areas such as nanotribology, tribochemistry and biotribology have also been included. As a six-volume set, the Springer Encyclopedia of Tribology comprises 1630 entries written by authoritative experts in each subject area, under the guidance of an international panel of key researchers from academia, national laboratories and industry. With alphabetically-arranged entries, concept diagrams and cross-linking features, this comprehensive work provides easy access to essential information for both researchers and practicing engineers in the fields of engineering (aerospace, automotive, biomedical, chemical, electrical, and mechanical) as well as materials science, physics, and chemistry.
A component will not be reliable unless it is designed with required reliability. Reliability-Based Mechanical Design uses the reliability to link all design parameters of a component together to form a limit state function for mechanical design. This design methodology uses the reliability to replace the factor of safety as a measure of the safe status of a component. The goal of this methodology is to design a mechanical component with required reliability and at the same time, quantitatively indicates the failure percentage of the component. Reliability-Based Mechanical Design consists of two separate books: Volume 1: Component under Static Load, and Volume 2: Component under Cyclic Load and Dimension Design with Required Reliability. This book is Reliability-Based Mechanical Design, Volume 2: Component under Cyclic Load and Dimension Design with Required Reliability. It begins with a systematic description of a cyclic load. Then, the books use two probabilistic fatigue theories to establish the limit state function of a component under cyclic load, and further to present how to calculate the reliability of a component under a cyclic loading spectrum. Finally, the book presents how to conduct dimension design of typical components such as bar, pin, shaft, beam under static load, or cyclic loading spectrum with required reliability. Now, the designed component will be reliable because it has been designed with the required reliability. The book presents many examples for each topic and provides a wide selection of exercise problems at the end of each chapter. This book is written as a textbook for senior mechanical engineering students after they study the course Design of Machine Elements or a similar course. This book is also a good reference for design engineers and presents design methods in such sufficient detail that those methods are readily used in the design.
Materials Data for Cyclic Loading, Part D: Aluminium and Titanium Alloys presents materials data for cyclic loading which provide the basis for materials assessment by direct comparison of data or characteristic values and for estimating the crack initiation lives of aluminum and titanium alloys under constant and variable amplitude loading. The data include stress-strain curves, strain life curves, and mean stress parameter life curves for cyclic loading. Each data sheet takes up a maximum of four pages. The first page gives a description of the material and testing procedure. The chemical composition is always given in weight percent and corresponds to the values given in the literature referred to. The second and third pages show the diagrams for: stress-strain curves for monotonic and cyclic loading; strain life curve;, and mean stress (damage) parameter life curve according to the parameter of Smith, Watson and Topper. Unless indicated otherwise in the plots, the experiments were carried out at room temperature in laboratory air. The diagrams for the stress-strain relationships contain at the most three curves, one for monotonic loading and two for cyclic loading, the latter being evaluated from incremental step tests and constant amplitude tests. All three curves can be described approximately by an analytical function. This book will be of interest to materials scientists.
Recent developments in the fields of energy, transport and industrial engineering have led to the emergence of new types of structures and infrastructures subject to variable stresses, for which the usual methods for designing pile foundations are now inadequate. The recommendations presented in this book will help to partly fill this technical gap by proposing a methodological approach and calculation methods to take account of the effects of cyclic loads in the design of foundations on piles. These are based on both laboratory and full scale experiments, and on modeling carried out within the framework of the national SOLCYP project.
Recent developments in the fields of energy, transport and industrial engineering have led to the emergence of new types of structures and infrastructures subject to variable stresses, for which the usual methods for designing pile foundations are now inadequate. The recommendations presented in this book will help to partly fill this technical gap by proposing a methodological approach and calculation methods to take account of the effects of cyclic loads in the design of foundations on piles. These are based on both laboratory and full scale experiments, and on modeling carried out within the framework of the national SOLCYP project.
This work presents a design approach that links fatigue resistance of cast steel component to permissible defect sizes. It is based on fractures mechanics, is in line with experiences of the last 60 years and validated by extensive experimental as well as numerical investigations on different scales and under consideration of real casting defects. By following established assessment methods, the design concept is adapted to practical building applications.
Fatigue of structures and materials covers a wide scope of different topics. The purpose of the present book is to explain these topics, to indicate how they can be analyzed, and how this can contribute to the designing of fatigue resistant structures and to prevent structural fatigue problems in service. Chapter 1 gives a general survey of the topic with brief comments on the signi?cance of the aspects involved. This serves as a kind of a program for the following chapters. The central issues in this book are predictions of fatigue properties and designing against fatigue. These objectives cannot be realized without a physical and mechanical understanding of all relevant conditions. In Chapter 2 the book starts with basic concepts of what happens in the material of a structure under cyclic loads. It illustrates the large number of variables which can affect fatigue properties and it provides the essential background knowledge for subsequent chapters. Different subjects are presented in the following main parts: • Basic chapters on fatigue properties and predictions (Chapters 2–8) • Load spectra and fatigue under variable-amplitude loading (Chapters 9–11) • Fatigue tests and scatter (Chapters 12 and 13) • Special fatigue conditions (Chapters 14–17) • Fatigue of joints and structures (Chapters 18–20) • Fiber-metal laminates (Chapter 21) Each chapter presents a discussion of a speci?c subject.