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Explains how humans have damaged soils all over the world thereby enabling deserts to encroach onto arable land.
Designed for advanced level secondary students, this geography text studies desertification, the encroachment of arable land by desert which threatens an estimated 35% of the Earth's land surface. It explains the causes of desertification, how it can be measured and combatted, and questions whether the situation is actually happening at the scale suggested. The author focuses on questions that have made desertification a major issue, and highlights the difficulties involved in dealing with such a broad-scale physical and social topic. Case study material and exercises are included in the text.
The United Nations Water Conference (in Argentina in March 1977) and the United Nations Conference to Combat Desertification (in Kenya in August 1977) reflect the worldwide attention that recent global food shortages and growing populations have drawn to the destruction of arable and potentially arable land. This collection of articles focuses on a primary form of such destruction: desertification—the creation of desert-like conditions in arid or semiarid regions either by changes in climate patterns or by human mismanagement, or both. The contributors—representing a range of disciplines—examine and evaluate the social, political, economic, environmental, and technical problems related to the causes and effects of desertification.
Controversial, and often discussed with passion and vehemence, desertification is a problem on whose solution the survival of millions of humans is dependent. This book aims at an understanding of what is commonly called "desertification" - a term which has a connotation of irreversibility, spreading and emergence of desert-like landscapes: "land degradation" is proposed to replace it. The purpose is to present what has happened in reality, and what might be done. Illustrative worldwide analyses allow a more realistic evaluation of global land degradation. Each level of technology, excessive or insufficient, creates its own mismanagement. This is reflected in a decrease in soil productivity and eventually land degradation. The benefit to the reader is an awareness of the ecozones which have undergone the most severe land degradation, and a global overview of the phenomena, mechanisms and existing solutions.
This book is about the ‘how’ of desertification control as opposed to an analysis of the ‘why’ and fills a gap in the desertification-related literature in that it shows what to do in situations ranging from fixing mobile sands to arresting accelerated soil erosion in sloping lands. There are numerous illustrations to show the successful techniques. This compilation demonstrates that desertification and land degradation can be controlled and reversed with existing techniques in such widely varying environments as the Sahel of Africa to Sri Lanka and the Philippines in SE Asia, from mountains in Lesotho to low lands on desert margins in Mongolia. Proven approaches include technical interventions, changes in governance and to the legislative framework and policy reform. The book fills a gap in the desertification-related literature in that it shows what to do in situations ranging from fixing mobile sands to arresting accelerated soil erosion in sloping lands.
Changing desert areas for land use implies a lot of ecological problems. These and related ones are dealt with in this book covering various interdisciplinary and international aspects. Large areas in arid and semi-arid regions are already polluted in various ways. One of the biggest problems is the anthropogenic salinization by inadequate means of agriculture and irrigation. Additionally, most arid areas in the world are dramatically overgrazed. Methods and practices of a sustainable land use in deserts are urgently needed in many arid regions. This book gives a broad survey on some of the affected regions of the world as well as some case studies from elsewhere (Aral Sea, Negev desert, Namib desert etc.). Thus, basic and applied sciences are brought together. Water management in deserts, grazing systems or reclamation of desertified areas are among the topics of this book, as well as social and economic aspects.