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This research note presents a thorough analysis of Department of Defense and service-level policy requirements for human factors in the military system acquisition process. It is intended as a companion document to ARI Technical Report No. 476, and as such provides detailed indoctrination into both the system development process and human factors R & D. It will be particularly useful to those who require a greater understanding of this process. Beginning with an explanation of each system development phase, human factors R & D requirements are then integrated into the system development framework. This is accomplished through direct referral to Department of Defense Directives, Specifications, and Standards. Recognizing that differences occur in Army, Navy, and Air Force implementation of human factors R & D, formal service documentation is presented for human factors in each phase of system development. These documents include service regulations and instructions. Formal service documentation provides only that human factors requirements be implemented, while not setting forth a particular implementation plan. Informal service documentation is presented to illustrate the processes by which human factors is implemented in system development programs initiated by each service. (Author).
DoD policy requires that critical human factors such as personnel and training be addressed throughout the acquisition process to influence system designs and to identify resource constraints. Costs and operational effectiveness of new systems associated with resource constraints should be a major consideration at each acquisition milestone decision. Resources in support of new systems should be committed and programmed by Milestone II and Milestone III decisions, respectively. This report is our second and final report on human systems integration. The overall objective was to determine whether the Air Force's internal controls and procedures are adequate to ensure that manpower, personnel, and training requirements are planned effectively for operation and maintenance of new weapon systems. We also determined whether resources were committed or programmed for new personnel and training requirements. To accomplish the audit objectives, we focused on system acquisition programs that were in phases II and III. Program managers did not adequately address human systems integration during the acquisition process. Consequently, the Air Force may field mission-essential weapon systems without enough properly trained personnel for sustained operations in wartime.