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The organisation for the Nordic energy regulators, NordREG, has ordered this study to explore status of demand side flexibility among Nordic distribution system operators (DSOs). Demand side response is a question of mobilising potential flexibility in how and when end users choose to use energy, and how such flexibility can provide value to the network. Network value can be reduced or deferred investments, better system reliability or other system cost reductions. This report addresses concepts for utilising demand response and related regulatory issues. The report also includes an interview study among selected DSOs in the Nordic countries. This addresses current status, how flexibility can be a value for their business, what they see as barriers and planned activities relating to demand response.
Demand side flexibility is the ability of power consumers to reduce their demand in periods of peak load, possibly shifting demand to other periods. The organisation for the Nordic energy regulators, NordREG, has ordered this study to explore demand side flexibility in a Nordic perspective. The study contains a literature survey of demand side flexibility and assess the potential for, and benefit of demand side flexibility. Based on the survey, the report highlights implementation barriers and possible contributions from to reducing these barriers. Existing barriers are e.g lack of ICT, automation services, smart meters and real-time prices. The greatest potential for demand side flexibility in the Nordics is within residential space heating. The value of demand side flexibility is uncertain, but may be 1–2 billion SEK per year.
The report provides input to a Nordic strategy on how to address consumer flexibility in a cost-efficient manner. The main recommendation is to focus on increased market efficiency in general and not promote specific measures on the demand side unless market failures are identified. Even so, it’s recommended that standard data formats on price signals to small consumers should be further assessed.
An increasing share of intermittent renewable generation and reduced profitability of conventional power generation has led to a growing concern for capacity adequacy in the Nordic electricity market (Nord Pool market area). It does not make sense to assess capacity adequacy for each country separately in the Nord Pool market area as it is highly integrated in terms of both interconnector capacity and market integration. Capacity challenges are rarely isolated to one country or bidding zone. This report analyses what market solutions may be used to manage capacity adequacy in the Nord Pool market area, and how an efficient transition to adequate market solutions could be achieved. The main analysis reveals several measures that would strengthen price formation and cost recovery in the Nord Pool market area, although in general, the market is already highly liquid and well-functioning.
Consumer flexibility is often mentioned as a solution that can contribute to improved price formation in spot markets, increase supply of system services and potentially reduce local grid investments and operation costs. This report provides input to a Nordic strategy on how to address the potential need for consumer flexibility in a cost-efficient manner. The main recommendation is to focus on increased market efficiency in general, and not to promote specific measures on the demand side unless market failures are identified. However, it is recommended that standard data formats on price signals to small consumers should be further assessed. The report is part of the Nordic Prime Ministers' overall green growth initiative: "The Nordic Region - leadingin green growth"--Read more in the web magazine "Green Growth the Nordic Way" at www.nordicway.org or at www.norden.org/greengrowth.
Do current electricity market designs ensure a sufficient electricity supply at all times? This topic is currently the subject of intense debate across Europe, and several major countries such as Germany, the UK, France and Italy have decided that additional measures – so-called capacity remuneration mechanisms - are needed to supplement current market designs. This report describes and analyses the advantages and disadvantages of a range of measures proposed or currently implemented across Europe, and includes both best estimates of how the implementation of these measures will impact Nordic electricity prices as well as recommendations to the Nordic countries regarding a cost-efficient path to ensuring the Nordic security of supply.
Power systems must be actively managed to maintain a steady balance between supply and demand. This is already a complex task as demand varies continually. But what happens when supply becomes more variable and less certain, as with some renewable sources of electricity like wind and solar PV that fluctuate with the weather? to what extent can the resources that help power systems cope with the challenge of variability in demand also be applied to variability of supply? How large are these resources? and what share of electricity supply from variable renewables can they make possible? There is no one-size-fits-all answer. the ways electricity is produced, transported and consumed around the world exhibit great diversity. Grids can cross borders, requiring co-ordinated international policy, or can be distinct within a single country or region. and whether found in dispatchable power plants, storage facilities, interconnections for trade or on the demand side, the flexible resource that ensures the provision of reliable power in the face of uncertainty likewise differs enormously. Written for decision makers, Harnessing Variable Renewables: a Guide to the Balancing Challenge sheds light on managing power systems with large shares of variable renewables. It presents a new, step-by-step approach developed by the IEA to assess the flexibility of power systems, which identifies the already present resources that could help meet the twin challenges of variability and uncertainty.