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Essay from the year 2014 in the subject Politics - Topic: Development Politics, grade: 1,5, University of Warwick, language: English, abstract: Drought and desertification threaten the livelihood of more than 1.2 billion people across 110 countries. Around 2 billion people live in “dry-lands”, which occupy around 40 per cent of the earth ́s land surface, while 90 per cent of the people who live in drylands are from DC (Kingsbury et al. 2012,314). Drought and desertification effect strongly the development of a country. The town Baga in Nigeria, was once a fisherman ́s village. It was at the coast of the Tschad lake, now it is more than 30km away from the lake. The increasing desertification of the region at Tschad lake drove the city to become agriculturally centred, the outcome of desertification for the local population is significant. This essay argues for a strong impact of “environmental” problems like desertification and deforestation on the development of a country. This essay wants to highlight the importance of these problems for development science. The key argument of this essay is the reciprocal influence between development and environmental problems. Development often generates environmental problems, which in turn aggravates future development.
Readers learn about the human and natural causes of deforestation and desertification and what we can do to preserve our land.
Originally published in 1988 Deforestation examines deforestation as a major environmental and development problem. It examines the issues of forests being cut in tropical and mountain areas, and how acid rain, pollution and disease wreak havoc in temperate zones. Some of the worst effects of deforestation have been changes in the world’s climate system, erosion and flooding, desertification, wood short-ages and the disappearance of some floral and fauna species. This book challenges the belief that deforestation is due to entirely rapid population growth and agricultural expansion and emphasises the effects of commercial exploitation and poor planning and management. In concludes with a programme for reforestation using agro-forestry, appropriate cottage industries, improved international programmes, local land reforms and community participation.
Readers learn about the natural and man-made cases of deforestation and desertification and what we can do to keep our land safe.
he Global Casino is a compelling introduction to environmental issues which links the physical environment to its political, social and economic contexts. Case studies from around the globe are used to illustrate key environmental issues, from global warming and deforestation to natural hazards and soil erosion. The book highlights the underlying causes behind environmental problems, including human actions and emphasises the potential for solutions. In line with contemporary international trends, emphasis is placed on the critical concept of sustainable development. This new edition has been thoroughly revised and updated, with the introduction of new illustrative material and up-to-the-minute case studies on topics such as endangered deep-sea species, the global uptake of unleaded petrol, geothermal energy in Iceland, genocide in Rwanda and the Indian Ocean tsunami of 2004. Particularly useful features for students include points for discussion at the end of each chapter as well as a comprehensive glossary. The lists of key readings and websites, again linked specifically to the content of each chapter, have been fully updated and expanded. The Global Casino is the essential course companion for students of the environment, geography, earth sciences and development studies.
The question in the title of this book draws attention to the shortcomings of a concept that has become a political tool of global importance even as the scientific basis for its use grows weaker. The concept of desertification, it can be argued, has ceased to be analytically useful and distorts our understanding of social-environmental systems and their resiliency, particularly in poor countries with variable rainfall and persistent poverty. For better policy and governance, we need to reconsider the scientific justification for international attempts to combat desertification. Our exploration of these issues begins in the Sahel of West Africa, where a series of severe droughts at the end of the 20th century led to the global institutionalization of the idea of desertification. It now seems incontrovertible that these droughts were not caused primarily by local land use mismanagement, effectively terminating a long-standing policy and scientific debate. There is now an opportunity to treat this episode as an object lesson in the relationship between science, the formation of public opinion and international policy-making. Looking beyond the Sahel, the chapters in this book provide case studies from around the world that examine the use and relevance of the desertification concept. Despite an increasingly sophisticated understanding of dryland environments and societies, the uses now being made of the desertification concept in parts of Asia exhibit many of the shortcomings of earlier work done in Africa. It took scientists more than three decades to transform a perceived desertification crisis in the Sahel into a non-event. This book is an effort to critically examine that experience and accelerate the learning process in other parts of the world.