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An ¿inherently governmental function¿ is one that, as a matter of law and policy, must be performed by fed. gov¿t. employees and cannot be contracted out because it is ¿intimately related to the public interest.¿ This report provides background, issues, and options for Congress on defining inherently governmental functions within the context of U.S. Dept. of Defense (DoD) operations. The report focuses upon DoD because of the specific functions that it performs; its prominent role in fed. contracting; its unique workforce, which consists of military and civilian personnel; and recent allegations that DoD, among other agencies, has improperly contracted out inherently governmental functions. Charts and tables.
An "inherently governmental function" is one that, as a matter of law and policy, must be performed by federal government employees and cannot be contracted out because it is "intimately related to the public interest". This book provides background, issues and options for Congress on defining inherently governmental functions within the context of DOD operations. It situates contemporary debates over which functions are inherently governmental within the context of the broader debate about the proper roles of the public and private sectors.
"This Circular establishes Federal policy regarding the performance of commercial activities," i.e., Federal policy on whether government agencies should produce goods and services in-house or contract them out to commercial sources. Cf. pp. 1-2.
Audits provide essential accountability and transparency over government programs. Given the current challenges facing governments and their programs, the oversight provided through auditing is more critical than ever. Government auditing provides the objective analysis and information needed to make the decisions necessary to help create a better future. The professional standards presented in this 2018 revision of Government Auditing Standards (known as the Yellow Book) provide a framework for performing high-quality audit work with competence, integrity, objectivity, and independence to provide accountability and to help improve government operations and services. These standards, commonly referred to as generally accepted government auditing standards (GAGAS), provide the foundation for government auditors to lead by example in the areas of independence, transparency, accountability, and quality through the audit process. This revision contains major changes from, and supersedes, the 2011 revision.
The Government utilizes the contract process to purchase a wide variety of goods and services. These include existing commercial products and services, the design, development, and manufacture of goods and related services necessary to meet specific Government needs. Additionally, the government provides financial assistance through grants and cooperative agreements to support research and development by private and public entities, and conducts and collaborates in research and development activites with private sponsors at Government facilities. Through this large expenditure of funds, there is substantial contact with intellectual property. This material principally deals with the relationship between intellectual property concepts of patent, trade secrets, and copyrights and the Government's procurement and financial assistance processes. The subject of trademarks is not covered.
The Government-Industrial Complex analyzes the federal government's blended workforce of 9 million civil service, contract, and grant employees. Noted Government reform expert Paul Light explores the history of this blended workforce, explains its rise from Reagan to Trump, and outlines a process for promoting accountability across the government-industrial divide.
The United States Code, 2006 Edition, contains the General and Permanent Laws of the United States Enacted Through the 109th Congress (Ending January 3, 2007, the Last Law of Which was Signed on January 15, 2007).