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The application of our Armed Forces within the states and territories of the United States is far from intuitive. The challenges of defending the country against assaults within the homeland are much more complex than engaging our enemies on foreign soil. Likewise, the introduction of the military’s appreciable capabilities in response to disasters, be they natural or manmade, comes with authorities and restrictions reflective of an American ethos that will always hold those forces as the servants of the people, never their overseers. Introduction to Homeland Defense and Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA): The U.S. Military’s Role to Support and Defend examines the requirements and regulations that guide the utilization of our forces in the domestic environment. Topics include: The importance of the distinctions between homeland security, homeland defense, and Defense Support of Civil Authorities as they pertain to both authorities and responsibilities The deliberately subservient position of the military to civil authorities when engaged in response and recovery operations following a disaster The unique relationship between the United States Navy and the United States Coast Guard in a mutually supportive effort that bridges requirements between defense on the high seas and law enforcement in territorial waters The air defense mission over the United States, orchestrating manned aircraft, unmanned aircraft, and cruise missiles against threats of the same nature The exceptional challenges that would be associated with the application of land forces in a defense mission on American soil The development of the CBRN (Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear) Enterprise as a function of the nation’s focus on preventing, responding to and recovering from a Weapons of Mass Destruction attack New challenges emerging in the domestic environment that will call for the application of military resources, to include the Arctic, complex catastrophes, and cybersecurity issues
Unlike other nations around the world, where the national military has a central role in providing assistance to civilian communities in time of emergency of disaster, the active component of the United States military prefers a role of capable supporter in time of great domestic need. The Department of Defense (DOD) is a supporting agency to 14 of the Emergency Support Functions in the National Response Framework (NRF, January 2008), and a primary agency for the 15th ESF. The military performs these missions, Defense Support of Civil Authorities, utilizing its military assets and personnel as best it can, but is generally prohibited by DOD policy from purchasing non-military equipment. The U.S. military has been called to support duty many times over the years to assist people in time of great need. The military has the organization, the training and discipline, usable assets, and in some cases critical supplies that can be quickly and efficiently brought to bear on a disorganized environment that disasters frequently create. The process of requesting and properly integrating military support into a civilian environment, in times of disaster and emergency, however, has at times been fraught with misunderstanding, awkwardness, and error. State National Guard support is common in most states, but DOD showing up in support is a much rarer occurrence. Many emergency managers desiring military support do not have an adequate understanding of the correct requesting processes, or an adequate understanding of proper response integration or employment techniques, as different from National Guard support. The research revealed a set of competencies, and a body of knowledge that should be incorporated into training classes or publications that the DOD could generate for working emergency managers, including first responders, and for students of emergency management. The qualitative research methods included case study (archive document review), interview, and survey.
This two-in one resource includes the Tactical Commanders and Staff Toolkit plus the Liaison Officer Toolkit. Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA)) enables tactical level Commanders and their Staffs to properly plan and execute assigned DSCA missions for all hazard operations, excluding Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, high yield Explosives (CBRNE) or acts of terrorism. Applies to all United States military forces, including Department of Defense (DOD) components (Active and Reserve forces and National Guard when in Federal Status). This hand-on resource also may be useful information for local and state first responders. Chapter 1 contains background information relative to Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) including legal, doctinal, and policy issues. Chapter 2 provides an overview of the incident management processes including National Response Framework (NRF), National Incident Management Systems (NIMS), and Incident Command System (ICS) as well as Department of Homeland Security (DHS). Chapter 3 discuses the civilian and military responses to natural disaster. Chapter 4 provides a brief overview of Joint Operation Planning Process and mission analyis. Chapter 5 covers Defense Support of Civilian Authorities (DSCA) planning factors for response to all hazard events. Chapter 6 is review of safety and operational composite risk management processes Chapters 7-11 contain Concepts of Operation (CONOPS) and details five natrual hazards/disasters and the pertinent planning factors for each within the scope of DSCA.
Army doctrine publication (ADP) 3-28 is the doctrinal foundation for the Army's contribution to defense support of civil authorities (DSCA). ADP 3-28 explains how the Army conducts DSCA missions and National Guard civil support missions as part of unified land operations. ADP 3-28 focuses on achieving unity of effort among the Army battalions, brigades, division headquarters, and Army Service component commands conducting DSCA with support from the institutional force and in cooperation with joint and interagency partners. (See Introductory Figure, on page viii for the complete ADP 3-28 logic chart.) The principal audience for ADP 3-28 is all members of the Army profession. Commanders and staffs of Army headquarters serving as joint task force headquarters should also refer to applicable joint doctrine concerning the range of military operations and joint forces.
"This publication implements Defense Emergency Preparedness Liaison Officer (EPLO) Program; DODD 3025.18, Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA); and DODD 5525.5, DOD Cooperation with Civilian Law Enforcement Officials and establishes policy to ensure the Air Force plans, organizes, and trains forces to conduct Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) operations within the United States and its territories and protectorates consistent with the Air Force mission. Doctrine in support of this Air Force Policy Directive (AFPD) is found in Air Force Doctrine Document (AFDD) 3-27, Homeland Operations; AFDD 3-40, Counter-Chemical, Biological, Radiological, and Nuclear Operations; AFDD 4-02, Health Services; Joint Publication (JP) 3-28, Civil Support; and JP 3-41, Chemical, Biological, Radiological, Nuclear, and High-Yield Explosives Consequence Management which provide official doctrine on Air Force support to federal, state, or local civil authorities in cases of natural or man-made domestic emergencies, civil disturbances, or authorized law enforcement activities ... This revision changes the title from 'Homeland Defense and Civil Support' to 'Defense Support of Civil Authorities' and clarifies doctrine, policy, organization roles, and responsibilities to coordinate and organize efforts to manage, prepare for, and respond to natural or man-made disasters"--Pages 1-2.
This United States Department of Defense manual, Multi-Service Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) ATP 3-28.1 MCRP 3-30.6 NTTP 3-57.2 AFTTP 3-2.67 CGTTP 3-57.1 February 2021, describes Title 10, United States Code (10 USC), military involvement as the Services operate unilaterally or along with state National Guard (NG) forces in DSCA environments. For effective DSCA operations, active, reserve, and NG personnel operating under differing military authorities should understand the integration of capabilities, duties, and legal limitations as they support state and federal civilian agencies. Domestic emergencies or incidents (including all hazard disaster response operations) present unique challenges for tactical-level commanders who operate under differing legal authorities and chains of command when coordinating and working with local, territorial, state, tribal, or federal authorities. This publication enhances military understanding as Title 10, and Title 32, Department of Defense (DOD) forces work side by side within the typical DSCA command and control architecture and outlines some of the challenges impacting DOD support operations. Working under Title 14 and Title 10, simultaneously, the United States Coast Guard also provides support for DSCA operations.
This publication, Multi-Service Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) ATP 3-28.1 MCWP 3-36.2 NTTP 3-57.2 AFTTP 3-2.67 September 2015, describes Title 10, United States Code (USC), military involvement as they operate unilaterally or along with state National Guard (NG) forces in DSCA environments. Military (operating under all authorities) and civilian after-action reports identify the need for expanded joint military and interagency procedures to enhance military and civil interoperability. For effective DSCA operations, active, reserve, and NG personnel operating under differing military authorities should understand the integration of capabilities, duties, and legal limitations as they support state and federal civilian agencies. DSCA domestic emergencies or activities (including all hazard disaster response operations) present unique challenges for the Department of Defense (DOD) because personnel work under differing legal authorities and chains of command when coordinating and working with non-DOD, state, local, and tribal agencies. This publication enhances military understanding as Title 10, USC, and Title 32, USC, DOD forces work side by side in typical DSCA force organizations and outlines some of the challenges impacting DOD support operations. Chapter I provides an overview of how operating in the homeland differs from overseas areas of responsibility. It explains homeland security, homeland defense, and DSCA. This chapter discusses the role of federal military forces and state NG forces. It introduces authorities including: Title 10 and Title 32, USC, and state active duty. This chapter summarizes the National Incident Management System and National Response Framework. It includes a section on basic command and control and illustrates dual status and parallel command structures. Overall, it emphasizes unity of effort with or without unity of command. Chapter II highlights the unique legal and policy considerations associated with DSCA operations. It discusses approval authorities, immediate response authority, disaster response under the Posse Comitatus Act and the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (Stafford Act). Furthermore, it addresses rules for using force and intelligence oversight, and using DOD imagery support. Chapter III highlights general planning and execution considerations in a DSCA environment, such as facility availability, evacuation considerations, and communications. This chapter focuses on factors unique to the DSCA mission. Chapter IV provides DSCA environment-specific planning and execution considerations for military forces. This chapter describes and compares the overall responsibility of each key billet and its coordination with civilian counterparts. Additionally, it provides a breakdown of anticipated requirements of a typical operation to a tactical-level staff by phase of operation. Chapter V provides an overview of the environment, impacts, and likely military missions for specific DSCA events, including: wildfires; earthquakes; floods; winter storms; chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear events; special events; and cyber-attacks. Appendix A provides approval authority and applicable guidance for unmanned aircraft systems and intelligence community capabilities for multiple operations (e.g., DSCA, civil disturbance operations, search and rescue, support of law enforcement agencies and training). Appendix B provides a list of information needed when submitting an incident, awareness, and assessment request in support of DSCA operations. Appendix C organizes additional information requirements, surveys, and capabilities into formats and tables.
Defense support of civil authorities (DSCA) is support provided by federal military forces; Department of Defense (DOD) civilians; DOD contract personnel; and DOD component assets, to include National Guard (NG) forces (when the Secretary of Defense [SecDef], in coordination with the governors of the affected states, elects and requests to use and fund those forces in Title 32, United States Code [USC], status), in response to a request for assistance (RFA) from civil authorities for domestic emergencies, cyberspace incident response, law enforcement support, and other domestic activities or from qualifying entities for special events. DSCA includes support to prepare, prevent, protect, respond, and recover from domestic incidents. DSCA is provided in response to requests from civil authorities and upon approval from appropriate authorities. DSCA is conducted only in the US homeland.
Topics and references include homeland defense (JP 3-28), defense support of civil authorities (JP 3-28), Army support of civil authorities (ADRP 3-28), multi-service DSCA TTPs (ATP 3-28.1/MCWP 3-36.2), DSCA liaison officer toolkit (GTA 90-01-020), key legal and policy documents, and specific hazard and planning guidance: wildland fires, wind storms, earthquakes & tsunamis, floods, winter storms, chemical biological radiation nuclear (CBRN) events, and national special security events (NSSE), plus more. *** Find the latest edtion of this book and the rest of our series of military reference SMARTbooks at the publishers website: www.TheLightningPress.com ***
DSCA Multi-Service Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures for Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) ATP 3-28.1 MCRP 3-30.6 (Formerly MCWP 3-36.2) NTTP 3-57.2 AFTTP 3-2.67 SEPTEMBER 2015 Multi-Service Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures (MTTP) for Defense Support of Civil Authorities (DSCA) describes Title 10, United States Code (USC), military involvement as they operate unilaterally or along with state National Guard (NG) forces in DSCA environments. Military (operating under all authorities) and civilian after-action reports identify the need for expanded joint military and interagency procedures to enhance military and civil interoperability. For effective DSCA operations, active, reserve, and NG personnel operating under differing military authorities should understand the integration of capabilities, duties, and legal limitations as they support state and federal civilian agencies. DSCA domestic emergencies or activities (including all hazard disaster response operations) present unique challenges for the Department of Defense (DOD) because personnel work under differing legal authorities and chains of command when coordinating and working with non-DOD, state, local, and tribal agencies. This publication enhances military understanding as Title 10, USC, and Title 32, USC, DOD forces work side by side in typical DSCA force organizations and outlines some of the challenges impacting DOD support operations.