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Deconstructing Psychosis: Refining the Research Agenda for DSM-V provides an all-important summary of the latest research about the diagnosis and pathophysiology of psychosis. This volume gives the reader an inside look at how psychotic phenomena are represented in the current diagnostic system and how DSM-V might better address the needs of patients with such disorders. The book presents a selection of papers reporting the proceedings of a conference titled "Deconstructing Psychosis" convened by the American Psychiatric Association (APA) in collaboration with the World Health Organization (WHO) and the U.S. National Institutes of Health (NIH). The conference was designed to be a key element in the multiphase research review process for the fifth revision of DSM. This book is one in a series of ten that reflects some of the most current and critical examinations of psychiatric disorders and psychotic syndromes. APA published the fourth edition of DSM in 1994 and a text revision in 2000. DSM-V is scheduled for publication in 2013. Deconstructing Psychosis: Refining the Research Agenda for DSM-V examines the current evidence regarding the diagnosis and pathophysiology of common psychotic syndromes including: Schizophrenia Bipolar disorder Major depressive psychosis Substance-induced psychosis It also addresses broad issues relating to diagnosis such as the ways in which psychosis cuts across multiple diagnostic categories. Beyond merely summarizing the current state of the science, the authors of these papers critique the current research and clinical evidence, and raise questions about gaps in our knowledge. The book provides recommendations for the most promising areas of research in psychosis, which may lead to more refined treatments based on a better understanding of what biological and environmental factors contribute to its development and symptoms. In the learned editors' selection of papers for inclusion in this volume, they have exhibited their conviction that DSM-V is a "living document" that will reflect the pace of progress in multiple areas, ranging from molecular genetics and brain imaging to social, behavioral, and anthropological science. As a book on the narrowly defined topic of linking the classification of psychotic syndromes with their underlying pathophysiology and potential etiology, there is no other writing of comparable content available today.
`Fast becoming a contemporary classic... this book tries both to be critical and engender critical thinking in a number of ways. It offers an overview of a number of theories that address human distress as well as particular forms of "pathology". This book effectively highlights the way that western society has taken "normal"; and "abnormal" emotional states to be factual entities rather than the constructed understandings of human phenomena that they are.... should be on the reading list of every course/module that attends to human distress′ - Journal of the Society for Existential Analysis This practical and accessible critique of the institutions, practices and presuppositions that underlie the study of `psychopathology′ will be invaluable for students and practitioners who are working to understand mental health and distress. The authors - who come from backgrounds in clinical psychology, psychiatric social work, psychoanalysis, psychology teaching and action research - challenge the traditions of the field. They analyze the notion of `psychopathology′ as a conventional term in psychology and psychiatry through the language and institutions that hold it in place; and explore the implications of deconstructive ideas for the theories and practices that sustain clinical treatments; and offer an alternative way of seeing `psychopathology′, with accounts of critical professional work and good practice. Deconstructing Psychopathology is invaluable reading for students, academics and practitioners across a range of disciplines who are working to understand mental health and distress, including clinical and counselling psychology, psychiatry, psychiatric social work, counselling and psychotherapy.
The schizophrenia syndrome was developed with the aim of distinguishing between those people that have the syndrome and those people that do not and between those people with the syndrome and those people with other distinct syndromes. The basis for syndromes to be recognised is that they are made up of symptoms unique to that syndrome and that the pattern between those symptoms determines onset, course and prognosis. Valid syndromes are then used to identify the disease agent that causes these symptoms to occur and vary together. Once a disease agent is identified, it is possible to develop treatments that eliminate the disease agent. In the hundred years since its development, the schizophrenia syndrome has failed to deliver these expected outcomes. Problems remain regarding reliability of diagnosis, aetiology and the effective treatment. Despite these shortcomings, the Syndrome Model of schizophrenia continues to have a monopoly in terms of research into aetiology and dominates clinical practice. It has failed to establish a cause and leading biological researchers have acknowledged this deficit. The reason for these deficits is a flaw in the validity of the syndrome. Poor validity is inferred by the lack of uniqueness of symptoms and variations in symptoms across different populations. One of the main principles that protect syndrome validity is the notion of discontinuity. In order for a syndrome to make a distinction between those with the syndrome and those that do not, a discontinuum between these two groups is required. If a syndrome is not supported by this discontinuum this would seriously impinge on its ability to effectively function as syndrome and would account for the deficiencies noted above. Compelling evidence is emerging that members of the general population experience the symptoms of psychosis. Studies have found that the prevalence of auditory hallucinations and delusions are experienced in rates higher than those found in clinical populations. This is evidence that would suggest a Severity Continuum of Psychosis exists rather than the assumed discontinuum.
The Deconstructive Owl of Minerva: An Examination of Schizophrenia through Philosophy, Psychoanalysis and Postmodernism takes as its project the articulation of the language of schizophrenia as it inscribes itself between the self and ‘other.’ It takes into account Georg W. F. Hegel’s account of self-consciousness as a master-slave relation. A reading of Jacques Lacan provides access to the narrative self in terms of the “mirror stage” as the recognition of the self as ‘other’. By a further reading of postmodern theorists, this book shows that what has been named schizophrenia calls for a deconstructive strategy that operates with the divergence between pharmacological treatment and the understanding of the language of the schizophrenic condition. This difference will emphasize language as plural, plurivalent, polyphonic and polylogical. This book, essentially, seeks to circumvent the label of “schizophrenia” and to provide alternative ways to understand schizophrenic language in order to culturally rearticulate its effects in society. Postmodern and deconstructive modes of access to the languages of desire, dispersal, and plurivalence that are associated with schizophrenic conditions can help to open up spaces of understanding that are rendered impossible through symptomatic treatment models.
With expert guidance on developing specialty care service models for young people experiencing first-episode psychosis, the book offers a multimodal approach that aims for recovery and remission.
The Future of Mental Health drills to the heart of the current mental health crisis, where hundreds of millions of individuals worldwide receive unwarranted "mental disorder diagnoses." It paints a picture of how mental health providers can improve their practices to better serve individuals in distress and outlines necessary steps for a mental health revolution. Eric Maisel's goal is to inject more human interaction into the therapeutic process.Maisel powerfully deconstructs the "mental disorder" paradigm that is the foundation of current mental health practices. The author presents a revolutionary alternative, a "human experience" paradigm. He sheds a bright light on the differences between so-called "psychiatric medication" and mere chemicals with powerful effects, explains why the DSM-5 is silent on causes, silent on treatment, and wedded to illegitimate "symptom pictures." Maisel describes powerful helping alternatives like communities of care, and explains why one day "human experience specialists" may replace current mental health professionals.An important book for both service providers and service users, The Future of Mental Health brilliantly unmasks current mental health practices and goes an important step further: it describes what we are obliged to do in order to secure better mental health services and better mental health for everyone.
This volume addresses one of the Holy Grails in Psychiatry, namely the evidence for and potential to adopt ‘Biomarkers’ for prevention, diagnosis, and treatment responses in mental health conditions. It meshes together state of the art research from international renowned pre-clinical and clinical scientists to illustrate how the fields of anxiety disorders, depression, psychotic disorders, and autism spectrum disorder have advanced in recent years.
2013 sees the centenary of Jaspers' foundation of psychopathology as a science with the publication of his magnum opus the Allgemeine Psychopathologie (General Psychopathology), Many of the issues concerning methodology and diagnosis are today the subject of much discussion and debate. This volume brings together leading psychiatrists and philosophers to discuss the impact of this volume, its relevance today, and the legacy it left.
This book inaugurates the field of Mad Studies in the Indian subcontinent investigating the barriers to recovery from the perspective of "patients" and caregivers. Offering a radical critique of the mental health system, it questions why the phenomenon of recovery from serious mental health issues is not more widespread. Drawing from narratives of "patients", evidence from lived experiences around the globe and literature on recovery in psychiatry, mental health legislations and policies, it establishes the hitherto silenced voice of the "patient" as having testimonial viability, via an emancipatory scholarship. It highlights the repeated marginalization of "patients" and the identity prejudice they experience in day-to-day situations as a form of epistemic violence. The book examines the barriers to recovery through an interdisciplinary investigation, scrutinizing relationships between individuals and institutions at interpersonal, intersocial and global levels. The book will be of interest to researchers and scholars of psychiatry, psychology, anthropology, sociology, disability studies, Mad Studies, law and policy, cultural studies, mental health, medicine as well as general readers.