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Al tiempo que la zarzuela va desapareciendo a lo largo del siglo XX, surge un nuevo medio de comunicación popular, el cine. En ningún otro país, la sustitución lenta y paulatina del propio teatro lírico por el cine se realizó de manera tan fluida como en España. Por consiguiente, hasta el emblemático Teatro de la Zarzuela de Madrid se transformó en sala de cine y hubo temporadas en que la denominación se cambió por la de Cine de la Zarzuela. Sin duda alguna, en ambos medios la música desempeña un papel fundamental, muchas veces con la función enfática de poner de relieve a uno de sus personajes, de acompañar tipo leitmotiv a un individuo o grupo destacado o de dar énfasis a personajes antes periféricos que justamente a través de la música ganan estatus y voz. Tanto la zarzuela como el cine sirven como medios populares de representación y traducción cultural de grupos sociales. El objetivo de este libro es, por tanto, doble: por un lado, quiere mostrar el papel de grupos sociales marginales en los medios de comunicación populares, siguiendo la historia de su escenificación en la zarzuela y el cine a través de los últimos siglos en España y Latinoamérica. Por otro lado, quiere examinar el cambio de registro, de voz y de representación en ambos medios populares.
This book fathoms the depths of Philippine cinema as the author ventures into the largely unknown terrain of the country’s history of early cinema. With meticulous scholarship and engaging insights, prize-winning filmmaker and author Nick Deocampo investigates the origin and formation of cinema as it became the Filipinos’ preeminent entertainment and cultural form.
During Mexico's silent (1896-1930) and early sound (1931-52) periods, cinema saw the development of five significant genres: the prostitute melodrama (including the cabaretera subgenre), the indigenista film (on indigenous themes or topics), the cine de añoranza porfiriana (films of Porfirian nostalgia), the Revolution film, and the comedia ranchera (ranch comedy). In this book, author Jacqueline Avila looks at examples from all genres, exploring the ways that the popular, regional, and orchestral music in these films contributed to the creation of tropes and archetypes now central to Mexican cultural nationalism. Integrating primary source material--including newspaper articles, advertisements, films--with film music studies, sound studies, and Mexican film and cultural history, Avila examines how these tropes and archetypes mirrored changing perceptions of mexicanidad manufactured by the State and popular and transnational culture. As she shows, several social and political agencies were heavily invested in creating a unified national identity in an attempt to merge the previously fragmented populace as a result of the Revolution. The commercial medium of film became an important tool to acquaint a diverse urban audience with the nuances of Mexican national identity, and music played an essential and persuasive role in the process. In this heterogeneous environment, cinema and its music continuously reshaped the contested, fluctuating space of Mexican identity, functioning both as a sign and symptom of social and political change.
While film studies has traditionally treated the presence of the city in film as an urban text operating inside of a cinematic one, this approach has recently evolved into the study of cinema as a technology of place. From this perspective, Documenting Cityscapes explores the way the city has been depicted by nonfiction filmmakers since the late 1970s, paying particular attention to three aesthetic tendencies: documentary landscaping, urban self-portraits, and metafilmic strategies. Through the formal analysis of fifteen works from six different countries, this volume investigates how the rise of subjectivity has helped to develop a kind of gaze that is closer to citizens than to the institutions and corporations responsible for recent major transformations. Documenting Cityscapes therefore reveals the extent to which cinema has become an agent of urban change, in which certain films not only challenge the most controversial policies of late capitalism but also are able to produce spatiality themselves.
Isolated by the repressions and censorship of Franco's regime, Spanish cinema developed distinctive style and content from the 1930s to the 1970s, largely without reference to its international counterparts. Through a series of close readings of films made in the Republican period under Franco and more recently under socialism, contributors here seek to present a clearer picture of Spanish national cinema.
Made in Spain: Studies in Popular Music will serve as a comprehensive and rigorous introduction to the history, sociology and musicology of 20th century Spanish popular music. The volume will consist of 16 essays by leading scholars of Spanish music and will cover the major figures, styles and social contexts of pop music in Spain. Although all the contributors are Spanish, the essays will be expressly written for an international English-speaking audience. No knowledge of Spanish music or culture will be assumed. Each section will feature a brief introduction by the volume editors, while each essay will provide adequate context so readers understand why the figure or genre under discussion is of lasting significance to Spanish popular music. The book first presents a general description of the history and background of popular music, followed by essays organized into thematic sections.