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The Littleton Quarry Blast Experiment (LQBE) was designed and implemented to begin the characterization of multiple row quarry explosions as sources of seismic energy. The experiment was divided into two distinct parts, those being observations in the near and far field. Ground motion resulting from three quarry shots at the Lone Star San-Vel quarry in Littleton, Mass., and from one excavation shot at a construction site in Westford, Mass., was measured. Collaborators from five institutions fielded 27 digital seismographs in five separate arrays for the four shots. The array configurations used were: 1) a near field array of accelerometers set up on the quarry property at ranges up to a few hundred meters; 2) a linear array of seismographs at a spacing of approximately 2.5 km extending from the quarry to a distance of 32 km in the direction of Boston College's seismic network station QUA; 3) an azimuthal array of four stations along an arc of a radius of approximately 25 km centered on the quarry; 4) a reproduction of the A and B rings of the NORESS array located 21 km from the quarry; 5) a linear array of four seismographs extending from the quarry to the site of the NORESS array.
There is a need to solve problems in solid and fluid mechanics that currently exceed the resources of current and foreseeable supercomputers. The issue revolves around the number of degrees of freedom of simultaneous equations that one needs to accurately describe the problem, and the computer storage and speed limitations which prohibit such solutions. The goals of tHis symposium were to explore some of the latest work being done in both industry and academia to solve such extremely large problems, and to provide a forum for the discussion and prognostication of necessary future direc tions of both man and machine. As evidenced in this proceedings we believe these goals were met. Contained in this volume are discussions of: iterative solvers, and their application to a variety of problems, e.g. structures, fluid dynamics, and structural acoustics; iterative dynamic substructuring and its use in structural acoustics; the use of the boundary element method both alone and in conjunction with the finite element method; the application of finite difference methods to problems of incompressible, turbulent flow; and algorithms amenable to concurrent computations and their applications. Furthermore, discussions of existing computational shortcomings from the big picture point of view are presented that include recommendations for future work.
The stability of rock slopes is an important issue in both civil and mining engineering. On civil projects, rock cuts must be safe from rock falls and large-scale slope instability during both construction and operation. In open pit mining, where slope heights can be many hundreds of meters, the economics of the operation are closely related to the steepest stable slope angle that can be mined. This extensively updated version of the classic text, Rock Slope Engineering by Hoek and Bray, deals comprehensively with the investigation, design and operation of rock slopes. Investigation methods include the collection and interpretation of geological and groundwater data, and determination of rock strength properties, including the Hoek Brown rock mass strength criterion. Slope design methods include the theoretical basis for the design of plane, wedge, circular and toppling failures, and design charts are provided to enable rapid checks of stability to be carried out. New material contained in this book includes the latest developments in earthquake engineering related to slope stability, probabilistic analysis, numerical analysis, blasting, slope movement monitoring and stabilization methods. The types of stabilization include rock anchors, shotcrete, drainage and scaling, as well as rock fall protecting methods involving barriers, ditches, nets and sheds. Rock Slopes: Civil and Mining Engineering contains both worked examples illustrating data interpretation and design methods, and chapters on civil and mining case studies. The case studies demonstrate the application of design methods to the construction of stable slopes in a wide variety of geological conditions. The book provides over 300 carefully selected references for those who wish to study the subject in greater detail. It also includes an introduction by Dr. Evert Hoek.