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In fisheries science and management, it is not uncommon that fishery data are used at “face value”, as inputs into data-limited assessments or empirical indicator-based frameworks for management, without first conducting a thorough exploration and critical review of the data. [Author] This practice may lead to biases in results and misdirected fishery management actions. [Author] To address intermediate steps between data collection and any analysis used to inform stock status, this manual provides guidance on how to prepare, explore and critically review fishery data in data-limited situations. [Author] Throughout the manual, guidance and sample data are provided primarily in Microsoft Excel or in comma separated value (CSV) file formats, as well as through FishualizeR, a publicly available, web-based, R Shiny app that was developed to support the manual. [Author] Instructions in this manual are not intended to present a single, prescriptive path, but rather to provide guidance that may be further tailored to each individual context. [Author] It is the authors’ hope and intent that the guidance contained in this manual will allow users to better understand their data, make corrections, and gain a deeper understanding of the data’s utility in assessment and management of data-limited fisheries. [Author]
The Fisheries and Biological Data Preparation Workshop for the Shrimp and Groundfish Fisheries of the North Brazil Shelf Large Marine Ecosystem (NBSLME) was held in Bridgetown, Barbados 23-25 October, 2018. The meeting brought together 14 participants including fisheries officers, government organizations and FAO. The main objective of the workshop was to provide training on data preparation for stock assessment purposes and fisheries status/trends monitoring, enhance capacities in fisheries data and statistics collection at the national and sub-regional levels, and review status of data collection for the shrimp and groundfish fisheries of the NBSLME. The current state of the Fisheries and Resource Monitoring System (FIRMS) stocks and fisheries inventories for the NBSLME was reviewed and updated with inputs from participants. Ongoing work on the Data Repository and Decision Support System (DSS) for the Caribbean and North Brazil Shelf Large Marine Ecosystems (CLME+) Project and its application in the NBSLME was presented and discussed. A template for recording fisheries and biological data of key species in the NBSLME for stock assessment purposes was reviewed by participants. Furthermore, for each country and fishery, participants reviewed availability of data including, inter alia, time series of landings and fishing effort, length frequencies and socio-economic information. Additionally, a review was made of the biological parameters (e.g. length-weight relationship, growth, maturity) available for key shrimp and groundfish species in the NBSLME and data gaps identified. Information on genetic studies on shrimp and groundfish species in the NBSLME region served as background for discussion on the stock structure
Assessment of data-limited fish stocks is a rapidly evolving topic in marine fisheries, and is supported by an increasing focus on the socio-economic and ecological importance of small-scale fisheries. The challenges in such systems can be compounded in inland fisheries, which are often complex, spatially dispersed and difficult to monitor. This publication reviews the application of empirical indicators and simple size-based models usually used in marine fisheries, but also applicable in inland systems. It presents case study applications for important fisheries in the Amazon River (Brazil), Tonlé Sap River (Cambodia), Paraná River (Argentina) and Lago Bayano (Panama). These studies consider issues including spatial separation of life-history stages, strong modality in population size structure, and fishing gear selectivity. Local scientific experts interpreted trends in stock state. Empirical indicators showed strong decline in size structure and relative abundance for one of the four assessed Tonlé Sap stocks. The length-based spawning potential ratio model suggested that two of the three assessed Amazon Goliath catfish stocks, and the sábalo stock in the Paraná River, were below sustainable spawning potential ratio reference points. The Lago Bayano tilapia stock appeared healthy. The review concludes that data-limited assessment methods developed for marine stocks may provide guidance for the sustainable management of important target species in inland fisheries. The methods tested are probably less applicable in non-selective fisheries where small species are preferred, or in river fisheries with extreme dependence on flood pulses. Important considerations are species life history and spatial distribution, environmental variability, and fishery sampling strategy.
This publication contains guidelines for fish stock assessment and fishery management using the software tools and other outputs developed by the UK Department for International Development's Fisheries Management Science Programme (FMSP) from 1992 to 2004. It includes a CD-ROM with the installation files for each of the four FMSP software tools: LFDA (Length Frequency Data Analysis), CEDA (Catch Effort Data Analysis), YIELD and ParFish (Participatory Fisheries Stock Assessment).
"These guidelines aim to help those who design routine data collection programmes, focusing on the relationship between typical questions asked by policy-makers and managers, and the data required for providing reliable answers. Fisheries policy and management objectives, particularly under the precautionary approach, need to be based upon analyses of reliable data. Data are needed to make rational decisions, evaluate the fisheries performance in relation to management activities and fulfil regional requirements. These objectives are achieved using fishery performance indicators. Indicators are used to measure the state of the resource, the performance of fishing controls, economic efficiency, socio-economic performance and social continuity. The primary factor in choosing what data to collect is the link between the necessary operational, biological, economic and socio-cultural indicators and their associated variables. The way in which different data variables are collected needs tobe tailored to the structure of the fishery. The strategy will be strongly influenced by the budget and personnel available, and the degree to which fishers and others co-operate. The programme must identify which variables should be collected through complete enumeration and which can be sampled. Collection methods are influenced by the variable itself, the strategy, collection point and the skill of the enumerator. Once collected, fishery data must be stored securely, but made easily available for analysis, which is achieved through a computer-based data management system, following the basic data processing principles. The implementation of a data collection programme should follow a normal project cycle, developing a new legal and institutional framework as appropriate"--Abstract.
The publication documents the results of the review of the level of implementation of the FAO Ecosystem Approach to Fisheries (EAF) by the fisheries management bodies in each of the different ABNJ regions. The review was designed to help identify future activities by the ABNJ Deep Sea Project to address gaps and capacity development and make recommendations to strengthen EAF among deep-sea fisheries management bodies and/or their members. The information to complete the EAF reviews was largely obtained from web-based materials. To assist with the accuracy of these desktop assessments, following initial drafting of each EAF background report and associated EAF assessment, both documents were sent to the respective RFMO secretariats. Comments and/or suggestions provided by the secretariats were then addressed with revised versions of the background reports and review assessments generated. Based on these revised reports, the comparative analyses were finalized and a full report was drafted. Being a desk-top assessment of the level of implementation of the EAF approach by each of the RFMO management bodies, the study had a number of caveats including only being able to measure systems and processes, not outcomes. A more complete assessment of EAF adoption and especially the outcomes would require direct involvement of the various stakeholders, including all relevant management, compliance and scientific bodies, contracting parties (CP), non-contracting parties (NCP), vessel owners, crews, non-governmental organizations (NGOs), etc.
This open access book provides a comprehensive examination of the European Landing Obligation policy from many relevant perspectives. It includes evaluations of its impacts at economical, socio-cultural, ecological and institutional levels. It also discusses the feasibility and benefits of several potential mitigation strategies. The book was timely published, exactly at the time where the Landing Obligation was planned to be fully implemented. This book is of significant interest to all stakeholders involved, but also to the general public of Europe and to other jurisdictions throughout the world that are also searching for ways to deal with by-catch and discard issues.
This book focuses on the importance of clean, well-structured data as the first step to successful data mining. It shows how data should be prepared prior to mining in order to maximize mining performance.