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This book deals with the early development of Śaivism in ancient Dakṣiṇa Kosala, the region that roughly corresponds to the modern state of Chhattisgarh, plus the districts of Sambalpur, Balangir and Kalahandi of Odhisha (formerly Orissa). At the end of the sixth and the beginning of the seventh century, this region was under the control of the Pāṇḍava king Śivagupta alias ‘Bālārjuna’ hailing from Śrīpura (the modern village of Sirpur), who was a great patron of religion. Epigraphical evidence, supported by archaeological remains, has shown that by the time of Śivagupta’s reign, which lasted for at least fifty-seven years, Dakṣiṇa Kosala was already a rich center of early Śaivism. In the context of this setting the following research questions were formulated: what circumstances fostered the rise and development of Śaivism in this area, and did the Skandapurāṇa, an important and contemporaneous religious scripture, play any role in that development? An answer to these questions would not only shed light on the religious processes at work in Dakṣiṇa Kosala, but would also touch upon the interplay of political, social, economic and geographical factors.
Buddhist Acharya Padmasambhava of the Vajrayana school of Mahayana sect, being invited by the king of Tibet, went there during the first half of the eighth century AD. He firmly established this esoteric form of Buddhism there and other Himalayan lands, which is known as “Lamaism”. He is deified and celebrated in Lamaism as Buddha himself, even more than that. As a direct result of Padmasambhava’s efforts, the people of Tibet were elevated to a state of unsurmountable spiritual culture. He is, therefore, truly one of the greatest of the world’s culture heroes. He is most revered and is honoured as the Second Buddha. He belongs to India and hails from Uddiyana. Therefore, he is popularly known as Uddiyana Guru. But, a holy personality known all over the world, a Great Guru, is almost a forgotten name in India, least remembered, not in history, not in literature, not anywhere even among the Buddhist circles in India. Padmasambhava originally belongs to Uddiyana, the location of this place has been disputed by some scholars to be in Swat Valley within the ancient Gandhara region, which is not tenable. The present work is an attempt to study all aspects pertaining to this Guru, starting from his magical appearance and penances to his mystical life, his works and achievements all through the Himalayan region along with Tibet. That leads to establish strongly that the home of the Uddiyana Guru is nowhere else but in Odisha. Focus has been laid to establish facts and all evidences showing that Uddiyana is but Odisha. This may be considered as the exclusive and exhaustive compilation, published for the first time in India.
Volume II Early and Medieval Indian History: The volume contains 28 articles covering studies on Early, Early medieval, Medieval, late Medieval and Modern History contributed by eminent scholars. The topics covered include. Vedic studies, Gupta history, Hereditary grants, Warfare in Vijayanagara period, Irrigation during the medieval period and polity in late medieval periods. This Volume serves as a valuable source book for students, research scholars and teachers of historical studies for the people who want to know about the evolution of mankind in different perspectives. This volume also highlights the love and affection of Prof. P. Chenna Reddy enjoys in the intellectual world. The felicitation Volume is brought out in a series of 12 independent books covering a total of 460 articles. Every volume contains two sections. The first section contains the biographical sketch of Prof. P. Chenna Reddy, his achievements and contribution to archaeology, history and Society. The second section of each volume is subject specific, E.g., Volume-I on Archaeology, Volume II on Early and Medieval Indian History, Volume III on Modern Indian History, Volume IV on Epigraphy and Numismatics, Volume V on Art, Volume VI on Architecture, Volume VII on Religion and Philosophy, Volume VIII on Economy, Trade and Commerce, Volume IX on Literature, Volume X Tribalore and Folklore, Volume XI Contemporary India and Diaspora, Volume XII, Tourism and contains as many as 460 articles.
The idea of transitions in Indian history emerged early when the term ‘transition’ denoted shifts from one period to another. The notion of transition itself has moved beyond being primarily economic to include dimensions of society, culture and ideology. This volume brings together scholarly works that re-examine and re-define the concept of transition by looking into a range of subjects including religion, culture, gender, caste and community networks, maritime and mercantile modes, ideas of nationalism and historiographies across geographical and temporal settings. With contributions by leading scholars from South Asia, this book will be useful to scholars and researchers of ancient history, modern Indian history, sociology and social anthropology, and South Asian studies.
This invaluable interpretive tool, first published in 1937, is now available for the first time in a paperback edition specially aimed at students of Chinese Buddhism. Those who have endeavoured to read Chinese texts apart from the apprehension of a Sanskrit background have generally made a fallacious interpretation, for the Buddhist canon is basically translation, or analogous to translation. In consequence, a large number of terms existing are employed approximately to connote imported ideas, as the various Chinese translators understood those ideas. Various translators invented different terms; and, even when the same term was finally adopted, its connotation varied, sometimes widely, from the Chinese term of phrase as normally used by the Chinese. For instance, klésa undoubtedly has a meaning in Sanskrit similar to that of, i.e. affliction, distress, trouble. In Buddhism affliction (or, as it may be understood from Chinese, the afflicters, distressers, troublers) means passions and illusions; and consequently fan-nao in Buddhist phraseology has acquired this technical connotation of the passions and illusions. Many terms of a similar character are noted in the body of this work. Consequent partly on this use of ordinary terms, even a well-educated Chinese without a knowledge of the technical equivalents finds himself unable to understand their implications.
Presenting the grand sweep of Indian history from antiquity to the present, A History of India is a detailed and authority account of the major political economics social and cultural forces that have shaped the history of the Indian continent.