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Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is detected in approximately 5% of children and describes a condition in which motor coordination is below the level expected given a child’s age or opportunity for learning. Children with DCD display fine and/or gross motor difficulties which persist into adulthood and cannot be better explained by a medical or neurological condition. The difficulties that individuals with DCD experience have a significant impact on activities of daily living, scholastic achievement, inter-personal relationships, and employment. Motor difficulties such as these have been poorly defined and are poorly understood by healthcare and education professionals, rendering treatments and care more difficult. European guidelines from 2012 and further revisions in 2019, have helped to clarify the diagnostic issues and there has been a significant growth in research in this field over the last four decades. A search for the topic ‘Developmental Coordination Disorder’ using Web of Science yielded 4153 publications with 69% of these published in the last 10 years alone. Despite this growth there still are pending questions in research regarding our understanding of the etiology, the co-occurrence with other developmental disorders, and the lived experience.
The term Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is used to describe a group of children who have difficulty. with tasks involving movement such that it interferes with their daily living or academic progress. As with other developmental disorders such as autistic spectrum disorder, attention deficit disorder and dyslexia, DCD is now a prominent concern of both researchers and practitioners. This text is aimed at both researchers and professionals who work in a practical manner with the condition and includes professionals in health, occupational therapists, physiotherapists, health visitors, paediatricians, and - in the educational field - teachers and others who are in daily contact with the children - their parents. The essence of the text is that work with children should be guided by research evidence driving the clinical practice which in turn raisies more questions for research. The authors in this text have both experience in research and are engaged in the day-to-day clinical work with children and bring both of these to bear in the chapters they have written.
Even experienced professionals might minimise the prevalence of Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) among certain groups of patients. Decreased attention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity are sensitive but non-specific behavioural patterns, frequently reported in a wide range of children and adults with different disorders. Therefore, the existence of ADHD might become "transparent" for both the patients and the professionals. Such transparency might lead to a non-accurate diagnosis, harm the treatment aspects and have potential non beneficial prognostic aspects. Among children and adults with mental retardation, autistic spectrum disorders, and drug abuse, as well as among gifted children, children with sensory modulation disorders, and children who were born IUGR, the diagnosis of ADHD might be very challenging. It seems that among these "double-diagnosis" populations there is a higher prevalence of patients with ADHD than in the general population, yet the exact prevalence, diagnostic difficulties and treatment methods have not been clearly estimated or established. It also seems that the percentage of ADHD among adolescents and children with chronic illness is still underestimated, since its clinical characteristics tend to be different. During the last years there have been growing numbers of publications in this field, but due to the wide range of interested professionals, these studies are published in a wide range of journals, usually missing some of their "target" populations. There is a lack of volumes gathering relevant data for a broad range of interested professionals from different specialties. The objective of this book is to serve as a useful tool for a wide range of professionals with a special interest in the unusual aspects of ADHD in order to increase their knowledge, sensitivity and treatment methods among our transparent patients.
Take a cognitive approach to treating children with DCD! Developmental coordination disorder (DCD) is frustrating for the children who must deal with it every day, for their parents, and for the professionals who work with these children. Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder offers new hope to children who are exeriencing this distinctive movement skill syndrome. It suggests ways they can overcome the challenges they encounter wherever motor skills are needed: in the classroom, on the playground, and at home doing self-care. This groundbreaking volume challenges pediatric therapists to examine the assessment and intervention approaches that are currently being used with children who have DCD. Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder offers new model that draws on research in the fields of motor learning, educational psychology, cognitive strategies, and occupational therapy. In addition to theoretical background, this book provides a detailed protocol for CO-OP (Cognitive Orientation to Daily Occupational Performance), an intervention that has been shown to facilitate problem-solving and enhance motor skill acquisition for children with DCD. Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder offers a comprehensive discussion of the disorder, including: identification and assessment of children with DCD analysis of the Bruininks Osortesky Test of Motor Proficiency and the Movement Assessment Battery for Children the theoretical and empirical basis for current treatment approaches new motor learning theories and their implications for treatment the systematic development and evaluation of the CO-OP approach, from early case studies through videotape analysis and retrospective chart review Based on six years of systematic, cooperative research, Children with Developmental Coordination Disorder demonstrates the success of a unique cognitive approach to intervention with these frustrated children.
Professionals working with children having motor coordination deficits finally have a thorough reference on developmental coordination disorder (DCD). This comprehensive work provides in-depth multidisciplinary, multicultural reports on all aspects of DCD, from assessment to intervention. Both theory and practice are detailed to provide maximum information and support for all practitioners working with affected children.
This book encompasses basic and clinical reports on the cerebellum and its primary atrophic disorders, the cerebellar degenerations. Rapid progress has been made in undestanding the organization and function of the cerebellum at the neuronal, synaptic, and molecular level. Of particular importance has been the identification of the chemical transmitters utilized by the cer ebellar cellular systems. More than any other brain region, the cerebellum utilizes amino acids as its main excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmitters. Excitatory amino acid transmitters, in addition to serving neuronal com munication, may also mediate trophic and toxic effects, and as such, they may playa role in neurodegenerative processes. The cerebellar degenerations were among the first human disorders with primary system atrophy to be studied clinically and pathologically. This field of clinical cerebellar sciences, no longer confined to the previously known descriptive level, is now advancing rapidly, propelled by rapid advances in neuroimaging, immunology, and molecular biology. The advent of CT, MRI, and PET has in recent years permitted the study of central nervous system alterations in living patients, thus contributing substantially to the accuracy of the diagnosis and the classification of these disorders. The nosology of cerebellar degenerations, which has been the subject of much debate for over a century, is presently a dynamic field, with new entities being recognized and old "classic ataxias" being redefined in the light of new genetic evidence.
Used as both a core textbook in PT programs and as a clinical reference, Physical Therapy for Children, 4th Edition, provides the essential information needed by PTs, both student and professional, when working with children. Like the previous bestselling editions, the 4th edition follows the practice pattern categories of the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice and uses the IFC model of the disabling process as it presents up-to-date evidence-based coverage of treatment. In this latest edition, Suzann Campbell DeLapp, Robert J. Palisano, and Margo N. Orlin have added more case studies and video clips, additional chapters and Medline-linked references online, and Evidence to Practice boxes to make it easy to find and remember important information. Provides comprehensive foundational knowledge in decision making, screening, development, motor control, and motor learning, the impairments of body function and structure, and the PT management of pediatric disorders. Reflects a family-centered care model throughout to help you understand how to involve children and their caregivers in developing and implementing intervention plans. Emphasizes an evidence-based approach that incorporates the latest research for the best outcomes. Follows the practice pattern guidelines of the Guide to Physical Therapist Practice, 2nd Edition which sets the standard for physical therapy practice. Features the International Classification of Function, Disability, and Health (ICF) of the World Health Organization (WHO) as the model for the disabling process, emphasizing activity rather than functional limitations and participation rather than disability in keeping with the book’s focus on prevention of disability. Provides extensive case studies that show the practical application of material covered in the text and are often accompanied by online video clips illustrating the condition and its management. Makes it easy to access key information with plenty of tables and boxes that organize and summarize important points. Clearly demonstrates important concepts and clinical conditions you’ll encounter in practice with over 800 illustrations. Takes learning to a deeper level with additional resources on the Evolve website featuring: Over 40 video clips that correspond to case studies and demonstrate conditions found in each chapter Helpful resources, including web links Questions and exercises you’ll find helpful when preparing for the pediatric specialist certification exam
Young people do not on the whole speak for themselves: they are spoken for by adults. Most research and policy agendas relating to young people are dominated by adult concerns about young people's health - rarely are the issues looked at from young people's perspective. This gap in our knowledge may be a critical factor in explaining some of the problems that health educators face in getting young people to transform health knowledge into action. Based on their own research, Shucksmith and Hendry relocate the issues to a young person's perspective and provide recommendations about initiatives relevant to a wide range of professionals and researchers involved in the health education of young people.